英汉新闻语篇小句关系的对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 05:09

本文选题：新闻语篇 + 小句关系　；参考：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在系统功能语法中,当两个或两个以上的小句通过逻辑关系组合在一起时,我们称之为小句复合体。小句复合体位于英语语法中的最高阶级,通过元功能中的概念功能组织,体现扩展或者投射的语义关系。小句与小句间的关系主要从两个角度分析:逻辑依存关系和逻辑语义关系。逻辑依存关系是指两个小句间是主从关系还是并列关系,逻辑语义关系是指一个小句通过解释,延伸,加强的方式来扩展另一个小句,还是一个小句把另一个小句投射为言语或者思想。本文在此理论的指导下,对比分析英语新闻和汉语新闻的小句关系,并提出以下研究问题:(1)英汉新闻语篇中,不同类型的小句关系在分布及频率上有何异同?(2)英汉新闻语篇中,不同类型的小句关系在主要标记上有何异同?本文以韩礼德小句关系理论为基础,采用定量研究,定性研究,以及对比研究的方法,分析英汉新闻语篇小句复合体中的小句关系的异同。具体研究结果如下:(1)从逻辑依存关系角度来看,不论是英语新闻语篇还是汉语新闻语篇,同一小句复合体内主从关系和并列关系的同时存在是最常出现的逻辑依存关系模式。但主从关系和并列关系出现频率有所不同。从逻辑语义关系角度来看,详述、延展、加强,这三种扩展关系以及话语、思想、实事,这三种投射关系都出现在了两种新闻语篇中,但有着不同频率的分布。英语新闻语篇中,通过加强来扩展关系是最常见的小句扩展方式,而在汉语新闻语篇中,大部分的小句是通过延展的方式来扩展关系。(2)研究发现,英语和汉语新闻语篇都通过一定的标记形式来表示小句关系,但是不同关系的比例有所不同。从逻辑依存关系上看,英语和汉语中所有的主从关系都有不同形式的标记。但并不是所有的并列关系都有所标记。英语中60.67%的并列关系有所标记,而汉语只10.84%的并列关系有所标记。本文进一步分析了英汉新闻语篇中小句关系不同的原因。从句法学上来看,英语是“主语-谓语”型的语言,注重语言的形式,而汉语是“话题-说明”型的语言,注重语言的意义。从语言哲学角度来看,西方人的思维方式是分析为主,而东方人的思维方式以整合为主。这两个方面的差异从根本上导致了小句关系在各个方面上的不同。本文具有一定理论和实际应用意义。本研究证明了用Halliday小句关系理论框架分析汉语的可行性,同时,为“汉语意合,英语形合”从小句关系的角度提供了有力证据。在实际应用上,本文希望能在如何更好地理解新闻上给人以启示,并从小句关系角度帮助相关从业者更好地撰写新闻、翻译新闻。
[Abstract]:In systemic functional grammar, when two or more clauses are combined by logical relations, we call them clause complex. Clause complex is located at the highest level in English grammar. It embodies the semantic relationship of extension or projection through the organization of conceptual functions in metafunctions. The relationship between clause and clause is mainly analyzed from two angles: logical dependency and logical semantic relationship. Logical dependency refers to whether the relationship between two clauses is subject-subordinate or juxtaposed. Logical semantic relation means that one clause expands another clause by means of interpretation, extension and reinforcement. It is one clause that projects another clause into speech or thought. Under the guidance of this theory, this paper makes a contrastive analysis of the relationship between English news and Chinese news clauses, and puts forward the following research question: 1) in English and Chinese news discourses, what are the differences and similarities in the distribution and frequency of different types of clause relations in English and Chinese news discourses? What are the similarities and differences between different types of clause relationships on the main markers? Based on Halliday's clause relation theory, this paper analyzes the similarities and differences of clause relations in English and Chinese news discourse clauses by means of quantitative, qualitative and contrastive studies. The specific results are as follows: from the point of view of logical dependency, whether in English news discourse or Chinese news discourse, the most common logical dependency model is the co-existence of subject subordinate relation and parallel relationship in the same clause. But the frequency of principal subordinate relation and parallel relation is different. From the point of view of logical semantic relations, the three kinds of extended relationships, such as elaboration, extension, reinforcement, and discourse, thought and fact, all appear in two kinds of news discourses, but they have different frequency distribution. In English news discourse, extending the relationship by strengthening is the most common way to expand the clause, while in Chinese news discourse, most of the clauses extend the relationship by extension. Both English and Chinese news discourses express clause relations in certain marked forms, but the proportion of different relationships varies. In terms of logical dependency, all the subject-slave relations in English and Chinese have different forms of markers. But not all parallel relationships are marked. In English, 60.67% of the parallel relationships were marked, while only 10.84% of the Chinese were marked. This paper further analyzes the reasons for the differences in the relationship between English and Chinese news discourses. From the perspective of sentence jurisprudence, English is a subject-predicate language with emphasis on the form of language, while Chinese is a "topic-explanation" type language with emphasis on the meaning of language. From the point of view of linguistic philosophy, the way of thinking of westerners is analytical, while the mode of thinking of oriental is integration. The difference between these two aspects leads to the difference of clause relation in every aspect. This paper has certain theory and practical application significance. This study proves the feasibility of analyzing Chinese with the framework of Halliday clause relation theory, and provides strong evidence for the "Chinese parataxis, English hypotaxis" from the point of view of the small sentence relationship. In practical application, this paper hopes to give enlightenment on how to better understand the news, and to help the relevant practitioners to write news and translate news better from the angle of the relationship between sentences and sentences.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3;H314.3

【参考文献】