《国富论》中译本比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 16:10

本文选题：顺应论 + 《国富论》　；参考：《宁波大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,关于经济学巨著《国富论》已经有二十多个中译本,对于这些译本的研究也逐年增多。然而,大多数的研究是建立在译者主体性、功能对等理论以及目的论等理论视角,未有人从顺应论角度对不同的中译本做出深入的研究。因此,本文将借助顺应论理论框架,选用《国富论》截然不同时期的两个中文译本—严复译本和谢祖钧译本,对两位译者在翻译过程中做出的语言选择进行对比研究,从而探讨不同时代对于译者语言选择的影响以及对于当代译者的启示。通过若干译例的对比研究,作者发现每个译本都是时代的作品,即两位译者在翻译过程中都根据自己时代背景,对语言做出选择和顺应,具体体现在语境层面顺应、语言结构顺应以及翻译策略层面的顺应。在语境层面,严复和谢祖钧分别在物理世界的翻译和社会世界的翻译做出了不同的选择和顺应。严复在处理原文的物理语境时,更倾向于用过去中国发生的时间事件来表述具体的时间,谢祖钧的物理语境翻译则与原文完全一致;在处理原文中的社会语境时,严复则顺应清朝末期人们普遍接受的文化,谢祖钧则顺应当代人们接受的现代文化。在语言结构层面,研究分析两位译者分别在词汇层面、句法层面和文体方面做出了不同的选择和顺应。在词汇方面,严复在处理经济术语和地点名词时,受到所在时代缺乏相应词汇的翻译限制,选择了“创造”和“音译”新词;谢祖钧所在时代相应词汇充足,因此,谢祖钧选择相应的规定译语;在句法层面,严复选择前汉时期的被动语态,谢祖钧选择将原文中的被动语态转化为汉语中的主动语态;在文体层面,严复选择古典、文雅、简洁的文体,谢祖钧选择平实直白的大众语文体。在翻译策略层面,严复倾向于采用意译法,包括大量增加案语和删除;谢祖钧则采用直译法,将原文的思想完全传达给普通大众。研究结果表明,译本是社会、政治、文化下的产物,每个译本都有其存在的合理性以及时代价值。正是由于特定的时代背景,译者才会在翻译过程中对语言做出相应的选择和顺应。因此,在翻译过程中,译者应该充分考虑到当今的社会、政治与文化,对语言做出选择和顺应,创造出与时俱进的译本。
[Abstract]:At present, there are more than twenty Chinese versions of the economic masterpiece the Wealth of Nations, and the research on these translations has increased year by year. However, most of the studies are based on the translator's subjectivity, functional equivalence and Skopos theory, and no one has made a thorough study of different Chinese versions from the perspective of adaptation theory. Therefore, based on the framework of adaptation Theory, this paper will make a comparative study of the language choices made by the two translators in the process of translation, using the two Chinese versions of the Wealth of Nations, Yan Fu and Xie Zujun. This paper discusses the influence of different times on the translator's language choice and its implications for contemporary translators. Through the contrastive study of several translation examples, the author finds that each translation is the work of the times, that is, the two translators choose and adapt to the language according to their own background in the process of translation, which is embodied in the context of adaptation. Structural adaptation and adaptation at the translation strategy level. At the context level, Yan Fu and Xie Zujun have made different choices and adaptations in the translation of the physical world and the translation of the social world, respectively. In dealing with the physical context of the original text, Yan Fu prefers to use the time events that occurred in China in the past to express the specific time, while Xie Zujun's physical context translation is completely consistent with the original text, and in dealing with the social context in the original text, Yan Fu followed the generally accepted culture in the late Qing Dynasty, and Xie Zujun followed the modern culture accepted by contemporary people. At the level of language structure, the two translators have made different choices and adaptations at the lexical level, the syntactic level and the stylistic level. In terms of vocabulary, Yan Fu, in dealing with economic terms and locational nouns, was limited by the lack of corresponding words in his time, so he chose the new words "creation" and "transliteration". At the syntactic level, Yan Fu chose the passive voice of the pre-Han period, Xie Zujun chose to convert the passive voice in the original into the active voice in Chinese, and Yan Fu chose classical and elegant in stylistic level. Xie Zujun chose plain and direct style of popular language. At the level of translation strategy, Yan Fu tends to adopt the method of free translation, which includes a large number of additions and deletions, while Xie Zujun uses literal translation to convey the ideas of the original text to the general public. The results show that the translation is the product of society, politics and culture, and each version has its own rationality of existence and the value of the times. It is due to the specific background of the times that the translator chooses and adapts the language in the process of translation. Therefore, in the process of translation, the translator should take into account the current society, politics and culture, make the choice and adaptation to the language, and create a version that keeps pace with the times.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9

【参考文献】