英语学术口语中话语标记语you know的默认语义研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 19:38

本文选题：话语标记语you + know　；参考：《兰州理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：话语标记语you know,作为英语本族语者使用频率最高的话语标记语之一,其使用成为诸多学者研究的焦点。且多数人从语用学、社会语言学以及二语习得等角度,很少有人从语用、语义相结合,即默认语义层面对其进行研究,且对于英语学术口语语篇中you know的探讨更少有涉及。本研究基于Jaszczolt(2005)默认语义学的理论,就学术口语中话语标记语you know进行分析,重点考察英语学术口语中话语标记语you know的使用情况,并对其在话句中分布位置、语用功能、以及与普通口语语篇的出现频率、位置分布不同进行了深入的探讨。为实现上述目标,本研究基于密歇根学术口语语料库,采取分层抽样的方法,选取了主要涉及自然资源研究会议、学生管理会议、人工智能研究会议等10篇学术口语语篇。通过数据对比分析,显示所选语料具有以下特征:第一,学术口语中话语标记语you know主要集中分布在句中,占到了总数的81.38%,其次是句末,占到了总数的11.44%,分布数量最小的位置是句前,占总数的7.18%。第二,英语学术口语中话语标记语you know语用功能十分丰富,包括填充、修补、解释、引用、省略共有知识、不确定及寻求认同等功能。其中,填充、省略共有知识、解释三种功能是学术口语语篇中使用最频繁的功能。第三,话语标记语you know在英语学术口语语篇与普通口语语篇的分布上无显著性差异,且在学术口语中的使用频率比日常会话要高。默认语义学的研究模式,可以用来解释学术口语中的话语标记语you know,且you know在默认语义学的核心框架理论即合并表征中起两个阶段的连接作用,借助于you know的使用,学术会议中说话人无需言明,听话人也能自动获得说话人的默认语义。关于学术口语中话语标记语you know如何产生默认意义有两个潜在原因。其一,学术口语中话语标记语you know的使用涉及合并表征中的心理动因,这符合Jaszczolt(2005)提出的最简原则、意向程度原则。其二,由于英语学术口语语篇较为正式,说话人需要将听话人的面子考虑在内,话语标记语you know的使用符合面子理论的要求。本研究通过对英语学术口语中话语标记语you know的研究,一方面充实了话语标记语you know的研究内容,对you know如何产生默认语义进行了解释。另一方面,本研究充实了关于话语标记语you know的语用功能研究。最后,本研究对于中国英语学习者尤其是定期参与国际学术会议的人员提出了建议,为更流畅的英语学术交流活动指明了方向。
[Abstract]:As one of the most frequently used discourse markers among native English speakers, you know has become the focus of many scholars. From the perspectives of pragmatics, sociolinguistics and second language acquisition, few people study it from the perspective of pragmatics and semantic combination, that is, the default semantic level. Moreover, there is less discussion on you know in spoken English discourse. Based on Jaszczolt2005)'s theory of default semantics, this study analyzes the use of discourse marker you know in colloquial English, focuses on the use of discourse marker you know in spoken English, and analyzes its location and pragmatic functions in sentences. The differences between the frequency and location distribution of oral discourse are also discussed. In order to achieve the above goal, the present study adopts a stratified sampling method based on the Michigan colloquial corpus, and selects 10 colloquial academic discourses, such as natural resources research conference, student management conference, artificial intelligence research conference, and so on. The data analysis shows that the selected corpus has the following characteristics: first, the discourse marker you know is mainly distributed in the sentence, accounting for 81.38% of the total, followed by the end of the sentence. Accounting for 11.44% of the total, the smallest distribution of the position is before the sentence, accounting for 7.18 percent of the total. Secondly, the pragmatic functions of discourse marker you know are very rich, including filling, mending, explaining, quoting, omitting common knowledge, uncertainty and seeking identity. Filling, omitting common knowledge and explaining three functions are the most frequently used functions in colloquial discourse. Thirdly, there is no significant difference in the distribution of discourse marker (you know) between oral English discourse and general oral discourse, and the frequency of use in oral English is higher than that in daily conversation. The research model of default semantics can be used to explain the utterance marker you know in colloquial learning, and you know plays a connecting role in two stages in the core framework theory of default semantics, that is, merge representation, with the help of the use of you know. In academic meetings, the speaker does not need to express, the hearer can automatically obtain the speaker's default semantics. There are two potential reasons for the default meaning of discourse marker you know in colloquial learning. First, the use of discourse marker you know in colloquial learning involves the psychological motivation in combining representation, which is in line with the minimalist principle proposed by Jaszczolt2005, the degree of intention principle. Secondly, due to the formality of oral English discourse, the speaker needs to take the face of the hearer into account, and the use of the discourse marker you know conforms to the requirement of face theory. Through the study of discourse marker you know in spoken English, this study enriches the content of discourse marker you know and explains how you know produces default semantics. On the other hand, this study enriches the study of pragmatic functions of discourse marker you know. Finally, this study provides some suggestions for Chinese EFL learners, especially those who regularly participate in international academic conferences, and points out the direction for more fluent English academic exchanges.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H313

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