从及物性系统角度分析《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中主人公的心理成长

发布时间：2018-06-17 15:03

本文选题：及物性 + 六个过程　；参考：《山西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：系统功能语法分为三大元功能:概念功能,人际功能和语篇功能。而及物系统是实现概念功能的手段之一。许多学者都将其用于分析文学语篇中,比如迪尔德丽(1982:195-214)从及物系统角度分析了小说《钟形罩》,揭示了及物系统可以有效分析文本背后的权力关系;申丹(2006:4-10)则是选取了休斯的《在路上》作为语料,从及物性系统的角度来分析该小说的文体特征,并证明及物系统有助于揭示隐含作者与真实作者之间的复杂关系。但是运用及物系统分析儿童文学中的人物心理的研究还较少涉及。因此,本文在该方向做了尝试性研究,旨在从及物系统的角度去揭示《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中主人公的心理变化。《爱丽丝梦游仙境》的作者刘易斯·卡罗尔是英国著名的童话作家,数学家和逻辑学家;该小说是其代表作品之一。该书讲述的是小姑娘爱丽丝从兔子洞进入到一个神奇的国度后遇到了许多生物并且经历了许多奇妙的冒险;在探险的同时,她也不断地认识自我,不断成长。本文根据故事情节的发展选择了与主人公爱丽丝相关的小句,并将选择的小句分为三个阶段:困惑期、转变期和成熟期;对不同阶段的小句按及物系统的六个“过程”分类进行分析,并对三个研究问题做出回答:(1)在三个不同的阶段各过程的小句分布有什么不同?(2)这种不同揭示了主人公的哪些心理变化?本研究有以下的发现:(1)在这三个不同的阶段,小句的六个“过程”的分布情况各有不同。物质过程,关系过程,行为过程和存在过程的比重在这三个阶段并无明显变化。而不同主要集中在心理过程和言语过程上。心理过程的小句在这三个阶段呈现递减的分布,这反映出主人公爱丽丝内心的纠结困惑在逐渐减少,而对于自我的肯定却不断增加。相对比,言语过程的小句在这三个阶段中是呈现一种明显增加的分布,尤其是在转变期;这反映出主人公爱丽丝在探险的过程中越来越敢于表达自己的想法,越来越自信和勇敢。(2)主人公爱丽丝的心理成长主要体现在四个方面:一是在自我的认知方面,对于回答我是谁这个问题,爱丽丝从困惑迷茫转变成明确坚定。二是思维能力方面,爱丽丝从盲目地服从转变为独立思考,并勇于反抗无理的命令。三是在应急应变能力方面,她从一开始的手足无措、哇哇大哭转变为冷静应对、机智处理。四是在人际沟通能力上爱丽丝有个一个明显的进步。总之,通过对《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中主人公内心成长的及物性分析不仅能拓宽及物性系统的研究方向,也可以为分析儿童文学提供新的视角。
[Abstract]:The systemic functional grammar is divided into three metafunctions: conceptual function, interpersonal function and textual function. Transitivity system is one of the means to realize the concept function. Many scholars have applied it to the analysis of literary discourse, such as Dildrich 1982: 195-214), which analyzes the novel Bell Shadow from the perspective of transitivity system, which reveals that transitivity system can effectively analyze the power relationship behind the text. On the other hand, the author chooses Hughes'"on the Road" as the corpus to analyze the stylistic features of the novel from the perspective of the transitivity system, and proves that the transitive system can help to reveal the complex relationship between the implied author and the real author. However, the study of the psychology of characters in children's literature by transitivity system is less involved. Therefore, this paper makes a tentative study in this direction. The purpose is to reveal the psychological changes of the protagonist in Alice in Wonderland from the perspective of transitivity system. Lewis Carroll, author of Alice in Wonderland, is a famous British fairy tale writer, mathematician and logician. The novel is one of its representative works. The book is about Alice the little girl after entering a magical country from the rabbit hole met many creatures and experienced many wonderful adventures; while exploring she also constantly knew herself and continued to grow. According to the development of the story, the article chooses the clauses related to Alice, and divides the selected clauses into three stages: confused period, transition period and mature stage; This paper analyzes clauses in different stages according to the six "processes" of transitive systems. What are the differences in the distribution of clauses in each process in three different stages? (2) what psychological changes does this difference reveal for the protagonist? In this study, the following findings are made: (1) in these three different stages, the distribution of the six "processes" of clauses varies. The proportion of physical process, relational process, behavioral process and existential process does not change significantly in these three stages. The difference is mainly in the psychological process and speech process. The distribution of the clauses in the psychological process is decreasing in these three stages, which reflects that Alice's inner confusion is gradually decreasing, while the affirmation of herself is increasing. In contrast, the clauses in the speech process show a marked increase in distribution in these three stages, especially during the transition period, which reflects Alice's growing courage to express her ideas during her adventures. More and more confident and brave, Alice's psychological growth is mainly reflected in four aspects: first, in the aspect of self-cognition, Alice has changed from bewilderment to certainty in answering the question of who I am. Second, the ability of thinking, Alice from blind obedience to independent thinking, and the courage to resist unreasonable orders. Third, in the emergency response capacity, she from the beginning of the bewilderment, crying into a calm response, resourceful handling. Fourth, Alice has made a significant improvement in her interpersonal skills. In a word, the analysis of the inner growth and transitivity of the protagonist in Alice in Wonderland not only broadens the research direction of the system of materiality, but also provides a new perspective for the analysis of children's literature.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H314.3

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