语用顺应论视阈下汉语听觉动词的英译研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 12:13

本文选题：汉语听觉动作动词 + 汉语听觉感知动词　；参考：《华东理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：听觉是人类获取信息的重要感觉通道,听觉动词在语言系统中占有十分重要的地位。本论文首先根据赵彦春对听觉动词的分类标准,把汉语听觉动词分为听觉动作动词、听觉感知动词和听觉连系动词。然后,依照政治文献、法律文本和文学文本三大类别,分别选取《毛泽东选集》、《邓小平文选》、《中国大陆法律》、《鲁迅小说集》和《围城》为语料。本文拟解决三个问题：每类汉语听觉动词在三类文本中的翻译特点是什么?汉语听觉动词在每类文本中的翻译特点是什么?汉语听觉动词在三类文本中翻译的一般趋势是什么?通过数据统计和分析,本文发现：听觉动作动词在政治文献和文学文本中采用直译的比例更高,分别占总量的50.86%和57.45%。而在法律文本中,意译(隐喻意义翻译法和省略翻译法)比直译比列更大,占总量的55.07%。此外,听觉动作动词在意译时,隐喻意义翻译比省略翻译的比重更大。听觉感知动词在政治文献和文学文本中的直译比例更高,分别占总量的62.64%和70.09%。但在法律文本中仅采用直译翻译法(仅限于本文的语料)。在本研究选取的三类文本中,听觉联系动词只出现在文学文本中,且只采用意译中的省略法。就上述各翻译特点,本论文从顺应论的角度进行了详细的阐释。我们认为：汉语听觉动词的英译是一个不断选择和顺应的过程,译者不但要做出语言层面上的顺应,还要顺应目的语读者的心理世界、社交世界等非语言层面上的顺应。在这个过程中,译者可以选择直译和意译。听觉动词具有可译性,主要是由于不同的民族在听觉上有着相似的认知和体验。因此译者在翻译听觉动词的时候,无论从形式上还是意义上,在目标语中都能找到对等的翻译,故多采用直译,更能忠实于原文。但是,当在目标语中找不到与原语相对的翻译时,译者往往会舍弃原文形式,保留内容,故多采用意译,做到意义上的对等以求通顺达意。此外,听觉动词的省略翻译一般基于两大原因,一是由于中西方主客体意识差异而导致的不同表达习惯；二是因为“听”只承载因果诱发机制,译者遵循英语语用重结果的原则,故而省略不译。本研究成果具有一定的理论和实践意义。首先,通过对汉语听觉动作动词翻译特点的研究,能够向读者呈现了中西主客体意识在听觉这一感官动词使用上的差异。其次,通过对听觉感知动词的翻译研究,进一步证实了汉语重过程,英语重结果这一语用原则上的差异。与此同时,本研究能为汉语听觉动词的翻译实践提供了一些参考和指导。
[Abstract]:Hearing is an important sensory channel for human to obtain information, and auditory verbs play an important role in the language system. In this paper, according to Zhao Yanchun's classification criteria of auditory verbs, Chinese auditory verbs are divided into auditory action verbs, auditory perceptual verbs and auditory connective verbs. Then, according to the three major categories of political literature, legal texts and literary texts, the anthology of Mao Zedong, the selected works of Deng Xiaoping, the laws of the mainland of China, the collection of Lu Xun stories and the besieged city were selected as corpus respectively. This paper intends to solve three problems: what are the translation characteristics of each kind of Chinese auditory verbs in the three kinds of texts? What are the translation characteristics of Chinese auditory verbs in each type of text? What is the general trend of translation of Chinese auditory verbs in three types of texts? Through statistics and analysis, it is found that the proportion of literal translation of auditory action verbs in political literature and literary texts is higher, accounting for 50.86% and 57.45% of the total, respectively. In legal texts, free translation (metaphorical translation and ellipsis translation) is larger than literal translation, accounting for 55.07% of the total. In addition, the translation of metaphorical meaning is more important than that of ellipsis in the free translation of auditory action verbs. The proportion of literal translation of auditory perceptual verbs in political literature and literary texts is even higher, accounting for 62.64% and 70.09% of the total amount, respectively. However, in the legal texts, only literal translation is used (only in the corpus of this paper). Among the three types of texts selected in this study, auditory associative verbs appear only in literary texts and only by ellipsis in free translation. On the basis of the above translation features, this thesis gives a detailed explanation from the perspective of adaptation theory. We believe that the translation of Chinese auditory verbs into English is a process of continuous selection and adaptation. The translator should not only adapt to the linguistic level, but also adapt to the target language readers' psychological world, social world and other non-linguistic adaptation. In this process, the translator can choose literal translation and free translation. Auditory verbs are translatable, mainly because different peoples have similar cognition and experience in hearing. Therefore, when translating auditory verbs, translators can find equivalent translation in the target language, both in form and meaning. Therefore, literal translation is more likely to be faithful to the original text. However, when the target language can not find a translation opposite to the original language, the translator will often abandon the form of the original text and retain the content. Therefore, free translation is often used to achieve meaning equivalence in order to understand the meaning. In addition, the ellipsis translation of auditory verbs is generally based on two main reasons, one is the different expression habits caused by the differences of subjective and object consciousness between China and the West, and the other is that "listening" only bears the mechanism of causality induction. The translator follows the principle of pragmatic emphasis on results and omits no translation. The results of this study have certain theoretical and practical significance. First of all, through the study of the translation characteristics of Chinese auditory action verbs, the differences between Chinese and Western subjective and object consciousness in the use of auditory verbs are presented. Secondly, the study on the translation of auditory perceptual verbs further confirms the pragmatic differences between Chinese emphasis on process and English emphasis on results. At the same time, this study can provide some reference and guidance for the translation of Chinese auditory verbs.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9

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