基于EMD模型分析“give”双宾对话构式

发布时间：2018-07-31 05:48

【摘要】：双宾构式是一种常见搭配,受到国内外语言学家的普遍关注,但专题分析含“give”双宾构式的对话句法尚为空白,更无定性定量研究。对话句法理论是近年来认知语言学、功能语言学、会话研究等领域的一个崭新尝试,通过句法分析来揭示双宾交际对话中的结构、语义、语用等共振现象,从而为认知语言学开辟了新的视角,但仍有不足之处:一,尚未界定交际双方的对话范围;二,也未揭示答话人的回应策略。笔者尝试将事件域认知模型(ECM)、多重传承观(MI)与对话句法学(DS)结合起来拟建EMD模型来弥补其不足。且从美国当代语料库COCA中检索出100组含“give”双宾构式的一说一答语对(问话人话语中含“give”双宾构式,答话人话语中可有可没有),以EMD模型来详析该对话构式。本文共五章,主要内容如下:第一章“引言”,介绍本文选题理据、研究目的、分析方法、语料收集和结构布局。第二章“文献综述”,回顾国内外学者对双宾构式以及“give”进行的研究,并指出其研究之不足。第三章“理论框架”,为弥补前人研究不足,本文提出构建EMD模型,用ECM来框住交际双方的对话范围,通过传承来揭示答话人的回应策略,并与对话句法相结合,统一解释含“give”的双宾对话构式中的句法、语义、语用特征。第四章“语料分析和讨论”,在语料描写的基础上,运用EMD模型详析含“give”的双宾对话构式中的句法特征,且佐以相关数据和频率做详细说明,结果如下:由图可知:该对话构式的局部共振比例最高,因而在日常交际中,人们倾向于以说最少的话达到交际最大化的目的,即遵循语言的经济性原则。第五章“结语”,总结全文,归纳贡献:第一,首次将含有“give”的双宾构式研究从构式、单句层面拓展到句群对话层面进行研究和分析,以期为“新认知语用学”注入新的研究内容。综合事件域认知理论、多重传承观对对话句法学进行了修补,并建构EMD模型对“give”双宾对话构式做出统一解释。第二,句法共振打破了Grice的合作原则,它主要是从句法角度来讨论语言交际,而Grice的CP原则仅是从语义上确定的4个准则,完全忽视了句法的合作性,本文此举是对其进行的小小修补。第三,研究发现,“give”双宾对话构式在句法共振上比例为88%,充分说明在碰到含“give”双宾构式所进行的对话中,绝大部分采用的是句法共振的手段,说明答话人习惯于顺着说话人的句法结构进行回应。通过句法共振来揭示语义和语用特征,数据显示,语义和语用共振的频率分布与句法共振基本一致。最后指出本文欠缺之处,为以后研究提出点滴建议。
[Abstract]:The double object structure is a common collocation, which is widely concerned by linguists both at home and abroad. But the dialogical syntactic of "give" double object structure is still blank and not qualitative and quantitative. The dialogical syntactic theory is a new attempt in the fields of cognitive linguistics, functional linguistics and conversation research in recent years, and it is uncovered by syntactic analysis. The structural, semantic, pragmatic and other resonance phenomena in the communicative dialogues have opened up a new perspective for cognitive linguistics, but there are still shortcomings: first, there is no definition of the scope of the dialogue between the two parties. Two, the response strategy of the respondent is not revealed. The author tries to make the event domain cognitive model (ECM), the multiple inheritance view (MI) and the dialogue sentence Jurisprudence (DS). The EMD model is combined to make up for its shortcomings. And from the American contemporary corpus COCA, 100 groups of "give" double object constructions ("give" double object structure in the interrogation utterance, the respondent utterance can not be found), and the EMD model is used to analyze the dialogue structure. The main contents of this paper are as follows: first Chapter "Introduction", introduces the topic selection, research purpose, analysis method, corpus collection and structure layout. The second chapter "literature review", reviews the research on double object structure and "give" by scholars at home and abroad, and points out the lack of its research. The third chapter "theoretical framework", in order to make up for the lack of previous research, this paper proposes the construction of EMD model. Type, using ECM to frame the range of dialogue between the two parties, through inheritance to reveal the response strategy of the respondent, and combining with the dialogic syntax, and unify the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic features of the double object dialogues containing "give". The fourth chapter, "corpus analysis and discussion", based on the description of the corpus, uses the EMD model to detail the "give". The syntactic features in the structure of the double object dialogues are explained in detail with relevant data and frequency. The results are as follows: the results are as follows: it is known from the diagram that the local resonance proportion of the dialogue is the highest, so in the daily communication, people tend to achieve the goal of maximizing communication with the least words, that is, following the economic principle of language. The fifth chapter "conclusion" To sum up the full text and sum up the contributions: first, the study and analysis of the double object structure research containing "give" from the structure, the single sentence level to the dialogue level of the sentence group is the first time, in order to inject new research content for "new cognitive pragmatics". The model makes a unified explanation of the structure of "give" double object dialogue. Second, syntactic resonance breaks the cooperative principle of Grice. It mainly discusses language communication from the angle of clause method, and the CP principle of Grice is only the 4 criteria determined semantically, completely ignoring the syntactic cooperation. This is a small repair to it. Third, research It is found that the proportion of "give" double object dialogues is 88% in syntactic resonance, which fully illustrates that in the dialogue containing the "give" double object structure, the vast majority of the syntactic resonances are used as a means of syntactic resonance, indicating that the respondent is accustomed to answering the syntactic structure of the speaker. The semantic and pragmatic features are revealed by syntactic resonance. The data show that the frequency distributions of semantic and pragmatic resonances are basically consistent with syntactic resonances. Finally, the deficiencies of this paper are pointed out and some suggestions for future research are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H314.3

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