《2015年政府工作报告》汉英翻译实践报告
发布时间：2018-11-06 10:06
【摘要】：《政府工作报告》是一种典型的汉语政治文献,它对中国的政治、经济、文化、外交都起着至关重要的作用。与此同时,这类文本的翻译成为了外国读者了解中国的重要媒介,促进了不同国家的相互了解和不同文化的相互碰撞。往往,外国媒体会对比各国经济社会的发展现状,对中国的经济社会发展状况给出相应的评价或者意见,因而政府工作报告的翻译也就显得尤为重要了。许多中国翻译工作者毕生致力于《政府工作报告》的英译。但相比其他类型文本的翻译,此类文本的翻译仍然存在着许多难题。《政府工作报告》的翻译研究一直着重强调原文和译文之间的对比,并未考虑目的语接受者的感受。尤金·奈达的功能对等理论自产生以来,对国内外的翻译工作者产生了深远的影响。它摒弃了过去“文本中心论”的主张,提出翻译的重点在于文本和读者之间的关系,以此建立了以目的语读者反应为中心的翻译理论。此外,他认为翻译的重点在于原文的内容,而非原文的形式,强调语言的功能。本文作者认为可以从功能对等这一角度来分析《政府工作报告》的英译,并结合该理论进一步判断译文的质量。本文第一章将从政府工作报告的研究背景、研究的意义等方面做一个整体介绍。本文第二章从译前、译中和译后三个方面讲述了此次政府工作报告的整个翻译过程。在译前需要了解政府工作报告的内容、特点及翻译所需的条件;在翻译过程中需要把握翻译的原则和策略;在翻译完成之后需要对译文进行审校。本文第三章简要介绍了奈达的功能对等理论的主要内容及其应用。第四章,作者节选《2015年政府工作报告》的部分章节及其英译本进行文本分析,研究译文如何在词汇层面,句法层面和篇章层面实现功能对等。众所周知,汉语和英语存在巨大的差异,译文和原文的完全对等很难实现,所以译者在翻译的过程中需选择合适的词汇,保证词汇层面的功能对等;汉语《政府工作报告》文体正式、遣词造句颇为严谨,为准确表达原文意思,译者无论在词汇、句法、篇章层面都应选用正式的表达方式,尽可能实现功能对等;中西方在政治制度、经济制度、科技发展等各个方面给翻译带来许多困难,因此译者在翻译政治、经济、文化、科技等方面的内容时,应尽量选择目的语接受者易于接受的表达,使整个篇章与原文实现功能对等。作者通过对比原文和译发现英译本在词汇、句法、篇章方面均实现了功能对等;译者采用直译、意译等翻译策略实现了英译本和原文的功能对等。作者在第五章讲述了的当前研究的一些发现、不足和建议。本文从功能对等理论视角研究《2015年政府工作报告》的英译,进而探索翻译理论指导下的翻译实践,拓展功能对等理论在翻译实践中的应用,总结政府工作报告的翻译策略,为此类文本的英译提供一些参考。
[Abstract]:Government work report is a typical Chinese political document, which plays an important role in Chinese politics, economy, culture and diplomacy. At the same time, the translation of such texts has become an important medium for foreign readers to understand China and promote mutual understanding between different countries and the collision of different cultures. Often, the foreign media will compare the economic and social development of various countries, give the corresponding evaluation or opinion on the economic and social development of China, so the translation of the government work report is particularly important. Many Chinese translators devote their lives to translating the Government work report into English. However, compared with other types of texts, there are still many difficulties in the translation of these texts. The translation study of the Government work report emphasizes the contrast between the original text and the target text, and does not take into account the feelings of the target language recipient. Eugene Nida's functional equivalence theory has had a profound impact on translators both at home and abroad. It discards the former "text-centered theory" and puts forward that the emphasis of translation lies in the relationship between the text and the reader, thus establishing a translation theory centered on the target language reader's response. In addition, he thinks that the emphasis of translation is the content of the original text, not the form of the original text, and emphasizes the function of the language. The author believes that the translation of the Government work report into English can be analyzed from the perspective of functional equivalence, and the quality of the translation can be further judged by the theory. The first chapter introduces the background and significance of the government work report. The second chapter describes the whole translation process of the government work report from three aspects: pre-translation, translation-Chinese and post-translation. It is necessary to understand the contents, characteristics and conditions of the government work report before translation; to grasp the principles and strategies of translation in the process of translation; and to revise the translation after the completion of translation. In the third chapter, the main contents and applications of Nida's functional equivalence theory are briefly introduced. In the fourth chapter, the author extracts some chapters of the 2015 Government work report and its English translation for text analysis, and studies how to achieve functional equivalence at the lexical, syntactic and textual levels. As we all know, there are great differences between Chinese and English, and it is difficult to achieve the complete equivalence between the target text and the original text. Therefore, the translator should choose the appropriate vocabulary in the process of translation to ensure functional equivalence at the lexical level. In order to express the meaning of the original text accurately, the translator should choose the formal expression in lexical, syntactic and textual levels, and realize functional equivalence as much as possible. The political system, economic system, science and technology development between China and the West bring many difficulties to the translation, so the translator in the translation of political, economic, cultural, scientific and technological aspects of the content, As far as possible, we should choose the acceptable expression of the target language recipient so that the whole text can achieve functional equivalence with the original text. By comparing the original text with the translation, the author finds that the English version achieves functional equivalence in lexical, syntactic and textual aspects, and the translator realizes the functional equivalence between the English version and the original text by means of literal translation and free translation. In the fifth chapter, the author describes some findings, shortcomings and suggestions of the current research. From the perspective of functional equivalence, this paper studies the translation of the 2015 Government work report, explores the translation practice under the guidance of translation theory, expands the application of functional equivalence in translation practice, and summarizes the translation strategies of the government work report. It provides some reference for the English translation of this kind of text.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9
本文编号：2313966
[Abstract]:Government work report is a typical Chinese political document, which plays an important role in Chinese politics, economy, culture and diplomacy. At the same time, the translation of such texts has become an important medium for foreign readers to understand China and promote mutual understanding between different countries and the collision of different cultures. Often, the foreign media will compare the economic and social development of various countries, give the corresponding evaluation or opinion on the economic and social development of China, so the translation of the government work report is particularly important. Many Chinese translators devote their lives to translating the Government work report into English. However, compared with other types of texts, there are still many difficulties in the translation of these texts. The translation study of the Government work report emphasizes the contrast between the original text and the target text, and does not take into account the feelings of the target language recipient. Eugene Nida's functional equivalence theory has had a profound impact on translators both at home and abroad. It discards the former "text-centered theory" and puts forward that the emphasis of translation lies in the relationship between the text and the reader, thus establishing a translation theory centered on the target language reader's response. In addition, he thinks that the emphasis of translation is the content of the original text, not the form of the original text, and emphasizes the function of the language. The author believes that the translation of the Government work report into English can be analyzed from the perspective of functional equivalence, and the quality of the translation can be further judged by the theory. The first chapter introduces the background and significance of the government work report. The second chapter describes the whole translation process of the government work report from three aspects: pre-translation, translation-Chinese and post-translation. It is necessary to understand the contents, characteristics and conditions of the government work report before translation; to grasp the principles and strategies of translation in the process of translation; and to revise the translation after the completion of translation. In the third chapter, the main contents and applications of Nida's functional equivalence theory are briefly introduced. In the fourth chapter, the author extracts some chapters of the 2015 Government work report and its English translation for text analysis, and studies how to achieve functional equivalence at the lexical, syntactic and textual levels. As we all know, there are great differences between Chinese and English, and it is difficult to achieve the complete equivalence between the target text and the original text. Therefore, the translator should choose the appropriate vocabulary in the process of translation to ensure functional equivalence at the lexical level. In order to express the meaning of the original text accurately, the translator should choose the formal expression in lexical, syntactic and textual levels, and realize functional equivalence as much as possible. The political system, economic system, science and technology development between China and the West bring many difficulties to the translation, so the translator in the translation of political, economic, cultural, scientific and technological aspects of the content, As far as possible, we should choose the acceptable expression of the target language recipient so that the whole text can achieve functional equivalence with the original text. By comparing the original text with the translation, the author finds that the English version achieves functional equivalence in lexical, syntactic and textual aspects, and the translator realizes the functional equivalence between the English version and the original text by means of literal translation and free translation. In the fifth chapter, the author describes some findings, shortcomings and suggestions of the current research. From the perspective of functional equivalence, this paper studies the translation of the 2015 Government work report, explores the translation practice under the guidance of translation theory, expands the application of functional equivalence in translation practice, and summarizes the translation strategies of the government work report. It provides some reference for the English translation of this kind of text.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9
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