关联理论指导下的机械专利说明书英汉翻译实践报告
发布时间：2018-11-08 17:45
【摘要】：中国专利法规定提交的各种文件应当使用中文。说明书是专利申请文件中的重要部分,高质量的专利说明书译文对申请人的专利申请的审批以及确权保护至关重要。随着各国科技创新,大量英文机械类专利说明书需要翻译。笔者在翻译公司实习主要翻译英文机械专利说明书,翻译总字数超过21万字。基于翻译实践,笔者发现了很多翻译问题。这些问题可归结为词汇和句法方面问题。词汇方面主要为新兴合成词以及具有特殊含义的普通词汇翻译问题;句法方面主要为长句以及被动句翻译问题。通过总结文献发现,关联理论对机械专利说明书英汉翻译具有强大的解释和指导作用。在关联理论框架下,英文机械专利说明书汉译的过程即为寻找源语认知语境与目的语认知语境最佳关联的过程,具有明示推理本质;并且进行此翻译需要三个认知要素:科技知识、语言知识、语境信息。在关联理论指导下,结合关联理论对机械专利说明书英汉翻译的解释,本实践报告得出解决以上翻译问题的翻译策略和翻译方法。词汇层面的翻译策略为:根据构词法并结合具体语境翻译新兴合成词,根据上下义翻译具有特殊意义的普通词。句法层面的翻译策略为:分析句子结构,寻求最佳关联;采取最佳译法,将最佳关联传递到目的语认知语境。句法层面具体翻译方法为:顺译、逆序译、拆译、综合法、被动变主动。
[Abstract]:All documents submitted under the Patent Law of China shall be in Chinese. Specification is an important part of patent application documents. High quality translation of patent specification is very important to the approval of the applicant's patent application and the protection of the right of confirmation. With the innovation of science and technology in various countries, a large number of English mechanical patent specifications need to be translated. The author interned in translation company mainly translated English machine patent specification, translation total words more than 210000 words. Based on translation practice, the author finds many translation problems. These problems can be attributed to lexical and syntactic problems. The lexical aspect is mainly about emerging synthetic words and general lexical translation with special meanings, while the syntactic aspect is mainly about the translation of long sentences and passive sentences. By summarizing the literature, the relevance theory can be used to explain and guide the English-Chinese translation of mechanical patent instructions. Under the framework of relevance theory, the process of translating the English mechanical patent instruction into Chinese is the process of finding the best relevance between the source language cognitive context and the target language cognitive context, which has the nature of ostensive-inferential. And the translation requires three cognitive elements: scientific and technological knowledge, linguistic knowledge and contextual information. Under the guidance of relevance theory and the interpretation of relevance theory into English and Chinese translation of mechanical patent instructions, the translation strategies and translation methods to solve the above translation problems are proposed in this practical report. The translation strategies at lexical level are as follows: translation of new compound words according to word-formation and specific context, and translation of common words with special meaning according to the meaning of upper and lower meanings. Syntactic translation strategies are as follows: analyzing sentence structure in order to find the best relevance and adopting the best translation method to transfer the best relevance to the cognitive context of the target language. Syntactic level specific translation methods are: sequence translation, reverse order translation, split translation, synthesis method, passive and active.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9
[Abstract]:All documents submitted under the Patent Law of China shall be in Chinese. Specification is an important part of patent application documents. High quality translation of patent specification is very important to the approval of the applicant's patent application and the protection of the right of confirmation. With the innovation of science and technology in various countries, a large number of English mechanical patent specifications need to be translated. The author interned in translation company mainly translated English machine patent specification, translation total words more than 210000 words. Based on translation practice, the author finds many translation problems. These problems can be attributed to lexical and syntactic problems. The lexical aspect is mainly about emerging synthetic words and general lexical translation with special meanings, while the syntactic aspect is mainly about the translation of long sentences and passive sentences. By summarizing the literature, the relevance theory can be used to explain and guide the English-Chinese translation of mechanical patent instructions. Under the framework of relevance theory, the process of translating the English mechanical patent instruction into Chinese is the process of finding the best relevance between the source language cognitive context and the target language cognitive context, which has the nature of ostensive-inferential. And the translation requires three cognitive elements: scientific and technological knowledge, linguistic knowledge and contextual information. Under the guidance of relevance theory and the interpretation of relevance theory into English and Chinese translation of mechanical patent instructions, the translation strategies and translation methods to solve the above translation problems are proposed in this practical report. The translation strategies at lexical level are as follows: translation of new compound words according to word-formation and specific context, and translation of common words with special meaning according to the meaning of upper and lower meanings. Syntactic translation strategies are as follows: analyzing sentence structure in order to find the best relevance and adopting the best translation method to transfer the best relevance to the cognitive context of the target language. Syntactic level specific translation methods are: sequence translation, reverse order translation, split translation, synthesis method, passive and active.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9
【参考文献】
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2 孙小宇;;浅谈专利文献的特点及其翻译方法[J];大学英语(学术版);2015年02期
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