《生活大爆炸》字幕翻译中的缺失研究
发布时间：2018-11-18 22:33
【摘要】：21世纪伊始,美剧在中国掀起了网络观看的热潮。美剧在带来外国娱乐的同时,也深化了中外文化的交流与传播。随着美剧论坛、美剧字幕组的大量出现,字幕翻译在跨文化交流中的角色日益重要。在众多美剧中,《生活大爆炸》是以刻画美国民众日常生活为题材的情景喜剧,备受广大中国观众的喜爱与追捧。它的字幕翻译也成了研究者们纷纷关注的对象。在肯定本剧字幕翻译的成绩的同时,也要意识到其中还存在着不少问题。本文归纳了该剧字幕翻译的五点不足之处,即滥用方言网络语;误用古典语文与俗语;替换及忽略概念;违背情境的设置;缺乏适当的注释。第一点不足产生的原因是译者违背了语域的原则,该原则要求在一定的语境中要使用适合该语境的恰当的语言;对于第二点不足,译者不当地使用了习语来翻译字幕。以上两点不足可以用莫娜贝克关于“语域”与“习语和搭配”的翻译策略来解释。后三点不足忽视了翻译需要传递文化,反映异域风情的作用,也体现出了字幕翻译的两种缺失,即过度归化和漏译。前者主要造成了异国情调的缺失,而后者则造成了文化更新的缺失。这几点可以借韦努蒂的异化翻译理论来说明。文本缺失具有多层次、多区域的跨范围特征,借以支持的理论说明就要采取多元问题多元处理的原则。在对每一类型的案例进行细致分析时,借鉴韦努蒂的异化的翻译理论及莫娜贝克关于语域与习语的翻译策略,从译者的翻译态度和倾向,观众对译文的需求和期待,情境的要求,词语及概念的准正确含义等方面进行了探讨,并提供了既符合通顺要求,又能够推动文化更新,保存异国情调的译文。从案例分析中可以看出,美剧字幕翻译产生不足的主要原因在于:(1)译者更注重翻译的辅助娱乐功能,忽视翻译的文化传播功能;(2)不能严肃对待译者的角色,也不能严肃地对待源文本,篡改台词的现象时有发生;(3)对翻译的策略和具体办法把握不足。针对以上五方面不足,可以采用以下几个一般性策略进行改进,包括:(1)译文应尽量使用标准语;(2)恰当评估特定文化概念在剧中的作用;(3)把握人物的性格和情境;(4)在有碍剧情理解或文化缺省的地方进行注释等。这些策略与问题之间并非一一对应的关系,翻译时必须要综合考察才行。本文通过对《生活大爆炸》字幕翻译不足之处的研究,旨在为提高美剧字幕翻译的质量,更好地反映美国的社会文化生活提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 21 st century, American TV dramas have set off an upsurge of online viewing in China. American dramas not only bring foreign entertainment, but also deepen the exchange and dissemination of Chinese and foreign cultures. With the emergence of American TV drama forums and subtitle groups, subtitle translation plays an increasingly important role in cross-cultural communication. Among many American TV dramas, the Big Bang Theory is a sitcom with the theme of depicting the daily life of the American people. Subtitle translation has also become the focus of attention of researchers. While affirming the results of subtitle translation, we should also realize that there are still many problems. This paper summarizes the five shortcomings of subtitle translation of the play, namely, the abuse of dialect network language, the misuse of classical Chinese and colloquial language, the replacement and neglect of the concept, the setting of the contrary situation and the lack of proper annotation. The first reason is that the translator has violated the register principle, which requires the use of the appropriate language in a certain context; for the second deficiency, the translator improperly uses idioms to translate subtitles. The above two shortcomings can be explained by Monabeck's translation strategies of register and idiom and collocation. The latter three points ignore the need for translation to convey culture and reflect the role of exotic customs, and also reflect the two deficiencies of subtitle translation, that is, excessive domestication and omission of translation. The former mainly caused the lack of exotic sentiment, while the latter caused the lack of cultural renewal. These points can be illustrated by Weinuti's alienation translation theory. The missing text has the characteristics of multi-level, multi-region and cross-scope, so the theory to support it is to adopt the principle of multivariate treatment of multivariate problems. In the detailed analysis of each type of cases, we draw lessons from Weinuti's foreignization translation theory and Monabeck's translation strategy on register and idiom, from the translator's attitude and tendency to translation, the audience's demand and expectation for the translation. This paper probes into the requirements of the situation, the quasi-correct meaning of words and concepts, and provides a translation that not only meets the requirements of smoothness, but also promotes the cultural renewal and preserves the exotic sentiment. It can be seen from the case analysis that the main reasons for the insufficiency of subtitle translation of American TV series are: (1) translators pay more attention to the auxiliary entertainment function of translation and neglect the cultural communication function of translation; (2) the translator's role cannot be taken seriously, nor can the source text be taken seriously, and the phenomenon of tampering with the lines occurs from time to time; (3) the strategies and concrete methods of translation are not well understood. In view of the above five deficiencies, the following general strategies can be adopted: (1) the standard language should be used as far as possible in the translation, (2) the role of specific cultural concepts in the play should be properly assessed; (3) to grasp the character and situation of the characters, (4) to comment on places that hinder the understanding of the plot or cultural default. These strategies and problems do not correspond to one-to-one relationship, translation must be a comprehensive study. Through the study of the inadequacies of subtitle translation in the Big Bang Theory of Life, this paper aims to provide a reference for improving the quality of subtitle translation and better reflecting the social and cultural life of the United States.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9
本文编号：2341480
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 21 st century, American TV dramas have set off an upsurge of online viewing in China. American dramas not only bring foreign entertainment, but also deepen the exchange and dissemination of Chinese and foreign cultures. With the emergence of American TV drama forums and subtitle groups, subtitle translation plays an increasingly important role in cross-cultural communication. Among many American TV dramas, the Big Bang Theory is a sitcom with the theme of depicting the daily life of the American people. Subtitle translation has also become the focus of attention of researchers. While affirming the results of subtitle translation, we should also realize that there are still many problems. This paper summarizes the five shortcomings of subtitle translation of the play, namely, the abuse of dialect network language, the misuse of classical Chinese and colloquial language, the replacement and neglect of the concept, the setting of the contrary situation and the lack of proper annotation. The first reason is that the translator has violated the register principle, which requires the use of the appropriate language in a certain context; for the second deficiency, the translator improperly uses idioms to translate subtitles. The above two shortcomings can be explained by Monabeck's translation strategies of register and idiom and collocation. The latter three points ignore the need for translation to convey culture and reflect the role of exotic customs, and also reflect the two deficiencies of subtitle translation, that is, excessive domestication and omission of translation. The former mainly caused the lack of exotic sentiment, while the latter caused the lack of cultural renewal. These points can be illustrated by Weinuti's alienation translation theory. The missing text has the characteristics of multi-level, multi-region and cross-scope, so the theory to support it is to adopt the principle of multivariate treatment of multivariate problems. In the detailed analysis of each type of cases, we draw lessons from Weinuti's foreignization translation theory and Monabeck's translation strategy on register and idiom, from the translator's attitude and tendency to translation, the audience's demand and expectation for the translation. This paper probes into the requirements of the situation, the quasi-correct meaning of words and concepts, and provides a translation that not only meets the requirements of smoothness, but also promotes the cultural renewal and preserves the exotic sentiment. It can be seen from the case analysis that the main reasons for the insufficiency of subtitle translation of American TV series are: (1) translators pay more attention to the auxiliary entertainment function of translation and neglect the cultural communication function of translation; (2) the translator's role cannot be taken seriously, nor can the source text be taken seriously, and the phenomenon of tampering with the lines occurs from time to time; (3) the strategies and concrete methods of translation are not well understood. In view of the above five deficiencies, the following general strategies can be adopted: (1) the standard language should be used as far as possible in the translation, (2) the role of specific cultural concepts in the play should be properly assessed; (3) to grasp the character and situation of the characters, (4) to comment on places that hinder the understanding of the plot or cultural default. These strategies and problems do not correspond to one-to-one relationship, translation must be a comprehensive study. Through the study of the inadequacies of subtitle translation in the Big Bang Theory of Life, this paper aims to provide a reference for improving the quality of subtitle translation and better reflecting the social and cultural life of the United States.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9
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