英汉形名组合的意义建构
发布时间：2018-12-12 17:35
【摘要】：众所周知,形名组合是一种有效地拓展词汇的构词手段,在日常生活交际中起到重要的作用。正因为此,国内外学者对形名组合做过相关研究,如沈家煊(1977),吕叔湘(2014),Warren(1984),KampPartee(1995)等,但是以往的大多数研究主要集中在形容词与名词的句法关系,以及形名组合的语义关系方面。随着认知科学的发展,也有一些语言学家开始从认知的视角来解释形名组合的意义的产生,但是都缺乏完整、系统且具有普遍说服力的理论框架。本文拟将概念整合理论、物性结构理论以及Zeno Wendler的有关形容词分类的理论相融合,推导并构建出意义建构模型,并以英汉形名组合为研究对象,从而验证该模型在解读形名组合意义建构时的强大力量以及英汉形名组合在意义建构时的共性。具体来说,本研究以Fauconnier的概念整合模型为基本的理论框架,以Pustejovesky的物性结构理论和Zeno Wendler有关形容词分类的理论作为补充,尝试构建一个更为具体可操作的意义建构模型。概念整合理论包括四个心智空间:两个输入空间,类属空间,整合空间,使抽象的过程具体化,为意义的建构提供及时的在线的处理。物性结构理论包括构成、形式、功能、施事四个角色,内嵌在概念整合模型之中,给名词的概念内容提供抽象的背景知识,为名词语义的精细刻画提供具体可操作的手段。Zeno Wendler有关形容词分类的理论,使形容词的研究不再局限于句法关系,而是聚焦于它的概念内容,为此把形容词分为四类:自然属性、量度、动态和评价四类形容词,这为形容词的概念特征提供理论依据。就本研究的研究对象而言,在现代汉语中,单音节形容词具有恒定性和连续性的语义特征,是定语的典型成员,这与英语的定语形容词在修饰名词时具有相似的语义特征,即传递中心名词的本质、内在特征,所以这样的形名组合是连续组合,意义具有恒定性,与本研究契合度高,由此把汉语的单音节形容词修饰名词与英语的定语形容词修饰名词的形名组合作为本研究的研究对象。在此模型基础上,本研究首先依据形名组合在意义建构过程中是否涉及隐喻和转喻,将形名组合分为两大类:(1)非隐喻和/或非转喻形名组合词;(2)隐喻和/或转喻形名组合词。其次,依据最终的意义建构是名词还是形容词亦或是整体发生隐喻或转喻作用,把第二大类再细化为三类:a)A隐喻和/或转喻,N非隐喻和/或转喻;b)N隐喻和/或转喻,A非隐喻和/或转喻;c)AN整体隐喻和/或转喻。最后,本研究利用上述模型重点对英汉形名组合中涉及隐转喻的三种类型进行细致分析,从而解读形名组合词意义建构的过程。研究表明:(1)非隐喻和/或非转喻形名组合在意义建构过程中,形容词和名词的相似概念特征激发了概念的整合;(2)形容词隐喻和/或转喻,名词非隐喻和/或转喻形名组合在意义建构过程中,形容词隐喻和/或转喻后的概念与名词的物性特征存在相似之处,促使概念的整合;(3)名词隐喻和/或转喻,形容词非隐喻和/或转喻形名组合在意义建构过程中,名词隐喻和/或转喻后的物性特征与形容词的相似概念相互映射,促使概念的整合;(4)形名组合整体隐喻和/或转喻类形名组合在意义建构过程中,形容词和名词相似概念整合形成基本义,形名组合整体隐喻和/或转喻后形成引申义。本研究从认知角度出发对英汉形名组合进行研究,解读了形名组合意义建构的过程,但本研究也存在不足之处:本文选取的英汉形名组合是汉语的单音节形容词修饰名词与英语的定语形容词修饰名词的形名组合,这一模型是否适合其他类型的形名组合有待进一步研究;在分析形名组合意义建构时,存在一定的主观性,其心理真实性也有待验证,通过语料库和实验等方法有助于克服这些不足,尚需后续研究的进一步改善和深化。
[Abstract]:It is well known that the form-name combination is an effective way to expand the vocabulary and play an important role in the communication of daily life. Because of this, the domestic and foreign scholars have made relevant research on the combination of the shape names, such as Shen Family (1977), Lv Shuxiang (2014), Warren (1984), Kampong Paree (1995), etc., but most of the previous studies mainly focus on the syntactic relationship between the adjective and the noun, and the semantic relation of the form name combination. With the development of cognitive science, some linguists have begun to explain the meaning of the form-name combination from the cognitive perspective, but there is a lack of complete, systematic and persuasive theoretical framework. In this paper, it is proposed that the theory, physical structure theory and Zeno Wendler's theory of the classification of the adjectives are fused, the meaning construction model is derived and constructed, and the Chinese and English-shaped names are combined into the research object. so as to verify the strong power of the model in the interpretation of the combination meaning of the shape name and the commonness of the English-Chinese character combination in the meaning construction. In particular, this study takes the concept of Fauconnier as the basic theoretical framework, and tries to build a more concrete operational meaning construction model by using the theory of the property structure and the theory of the adjective classification of Zeno Wendler. The concept integration theory includes four mental spaces: the two input spaces, the class space and the whole space, the abstract process is concretized, and the timely and on-line processing is provided for the construction of the meaning. The theory of physical property structure includes four characters of structure, form, function and application. It is embedded in the whole model of the concept, provides abstract background knowledge for the concept of the noun, and provides a specific and operable means for the fine depiction of the semantic of the noun. Zeno Wendler is concerned with the theory of the classification of adjectives, so that the study of the adjective is no longer limited to the syntactic relationship, but is focused on the concept of the adjective. In this regard, the adjective is divided into four categories: the natural attribute, the measure, the dynamic and the evaluation of the four types of adjectives, which provides the theoretical basis for the concept of the adjective. For the research object of this study, in modern Chinese, the monosyllabic adjective has the semantic features of identity and continuity, and is a typical member of the attributive language. Therefore, the combination of the form names is a continuous combination, the meaning has the constant character, and the degree of fit with the present study is high, so that the combination of the monosyllabic adjective of Chinese and the form name of the attributive adjective modified noun in English is used as the research object of the study. On the basis of this model, the study is based on whether the form-name combination is involved in the metaphor and metonymy in the process of meaning construction, and the form-name combination is divided into two main categories: (1) non-metaphor and/ or non-metonymy name combination; (2) metaphor and/ or metonymy name combination. Secondly, the second major class is subdivided into three categories: a) A metaphor and/ or metonymy, N non-metaphor and/ or metonymy, b) N metaphor and/ or metonymy, A non-metaphor and/ or metonymy; c) AN integral metaphor and/ or metonymy. In the end, this study uses the above model to analyze the three types of implicit metonymy in the English-Chinese character combination, so as to interpret the process of the meaning construction of the word-name combination. The research shows that: (1) the combination of non-metaphor and/ or non-metonymy name has inspired the integration of the concept in the process of meaning construction; (2) the combination of the adjective metaphor and/ or metonymy, the noun non-metaphor and/ or the metonymy name is in the process of meaning construction, The concept of adjective metaphor and/ or metonymy is similar to the physical characteristics of the noun, which causes the integration of the concept; (3) the noun metaphor and/ or metonymy, the adjective non-metaphor and/ or the metonymy name combination are in the meaning construction process, The physical characteristics of the term metaphor and/ or metonymy and the similar concepts of the adjectives are mapped to each other, so as to promote the integration of the concept; (4) the combination of the shape name and the whole metaphor and/ or the metonymy-shaped name combination form the basic meaning in the meaning construction process, the adjective and the noun-like concept, The form name is used to combine the whole metaphor and/ or metonymy to form the meaning. This study, from the perspective of cognition, studies the combination of English and Chinese characters, and explains the process of the construction of the form-name combination meaning, but the present study also has the disadvantages: In this paper, the combination of Chinese and English-style names is a combination of the monosyllabic adjective-modified noun of Chinese and the form-name combination of the attributive adjective-modified noun in English. The model is suitable for the combination of other types of shape names to be further studied; in the construction of the analysis-type name combination, There are some subjectivity, and its psychological authenticity is still to be verified. Through the method of corpus and experiment, it is helpful to overcome these deficiencies, and the further improvement and deepening of the follow-up study will be needed.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3;H314.3
本文编号：2375007
[Abstract]:It is well known that the form-name combination is an effective way to expand the vocabulary and play an important role in the communication of daily life. Because of this, the domestic and foreign scholars have made relevant research on the combination of the shape names, such as Shen Family (1977), Lv Shuxiang (2014), Warren (1984), Kampong Paree (1995), etc., but most of the previous studies mainly focus on the syntactic relationship between the adjective and the noun, and the semantic relation of the form name combination. With the development of cognitive science, some linguists have begun to explain the meaning of the form-name combination from the cognitive perspective, but there is a lack of complete, systematic and persuasive theoretical framework. In this paper, it is proposed that the theory, physical structure theory and Zeno Wendler's theory of the classification of the adjectives are fused, the meaning construction model is derived and constructed, and the Chinese and English-shaped names are combined into the research object. so as to verify the strong power of the model in the interpretation of the combination meaning of the shape name and the commonness of the English-Chinese character combination in the meaning construction. In particular, this study takes the concept of Fauconnier as the basic theoretical framework, and tries to build a more concrete operational meaning construction model by using the theory of the property structure and the theory of the adjective classification of Zeno Wendler. The concept integration theory includes four mental spaces: the two input spaces, the class space and the whole space, the abstract process is concretized, and the timely and on-line processing is provided for the construction of the meaning. The theory of physical property structure includes four characters of structure, form, function and application. It is embedded in the whole model of the concept, provides abstract background knowledge for the concept of the noun, and provides a specific and operable means for the fine depiction of the semantic of the noun. Zeno Wendler is concerned with the theory of the classification of adjectives, so that the study of the adjective is no longer limited to the syntactic relationship, but is focused on the concept of the adjective. In this regard, the adjective is divided into four categories: the natural attribute, the measure, the dynamic and the evaluation of the four types of adjectives, which provides the theoretical basis for the concept of the adjective. For the research object of this study, in modern Chinese, the monosyllabic adjective has the semantic features of identity and continuity, and is a typical member of the attributive language. Therefore, the combination of the form names is a continuous combination, the meaning has the constant character, and the degree of fit with the present study is high, so that the combination of the monosyllabic adjective of Chinese and the form name of the attributive adjective modified noun in English is used as the research object of the study. On the basis of this model, the study is based on whether the form-name combination is involved in the metaphor and metonymy in the process of meaning construction, and the form-name combination is divided into two main categories: (1) non-metaphor and/ or non-metonymy name combination; (2) metaphor and/ or metonymy name combination. Secondly, the second major class is subdivided into three categories: a) A metaphor and/ or metonymy, N non-metaphor and/ or metonymy, b) N metaphor and/ or metonymy, A non-metaphor and/ or metonymy; c) AN integral metaphor and/ or metonymy. In the end, this study uses the above model to analyze the three types of implicit metonymy in the English-Chinese character combination, so as to interpret the process of the meaning construction of the word-name combination. The research shows that: (1) the combination of non-metaphor and/ or non-metonymy name has inspired the integration of the concept in the process of meaning construction; (2) the combination of the adjective metaphor and/ or metonymy, the noun non-metaphor and/ or the metonymy name is in the process of meaning construction, The concept of adjective metaphor and/ or metonymy is similar to the physical characteristics of the noun, which causes the integration of the concept; (3) the noun metaphor and/ or metonymy, the adjective non-metaphor and/ or the metonymy name combination are in the meaning construction process, The physical characteristics of the term metaphor and/ or metonymy and the similar concepts of the adjectives are mapped to each other, so as to promote the integration of the concept; (4) the combination of the shape name and the whole metaphor and/ or the metonymy-shaped name combination form the basic meaning in the meaning construction process, the adjective and the noun-like concept, The form name is used to combine the whole metaphor and/ or metonymy to form the meaning. This study, from the perspective of cognition, studies the combination of English and Chinese characters, and explains the process of the construction of the form-name combination meaning, but the present study also has the disadvantages: In this paper, the combination of Chinese and English-style names is a combination of the monosyllabic adjective-modified noun of Chinese and the form-name combination of the attributive adjective-modified noun in English. The model is suitable for the combination of other types of shape names to be further studied; in the construction of the analysis-type name combination, There are some subjectivity, and its psychological authenticity is still to be verified. Through the method of corpus and experiment, it is helpful to overcome these deficiencies, and the further improvement and deepening of the follow-up study will be needed.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3;H314.3
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