中英同传预测技巧与图式作用的关系研究

发布时间：2019-04-08 13:10

【摘要】：同声传译是指译员以几乎同步的速度将发言人表达的思想和情感从一种语言翻译为另一种语言。是用来帮助不同语言、文化背景的人们进行交流的一种复杂的认知能力。译员在进行同声传译时需要同时完成多项任务,即需要在短时期内完成听辨、理解、翻译的过程,而译员的精力是有限的,任何一个环节占用的精力过多就会影响到下一个环节的发挥,进而影响翻译的整体质量。因此,在进行同传时,译员需要借助一些技巧来帮助自己减轻压力,腾出更多精力以提高产出质量。其中,预测就是一项非常重要的同传技巧。通过对发言人讲话的框架、意图、语言等方面的预测,译员能更好地把握讲话人的逻辑,在特定的情景中更好地理解发言的内容,过滤掉不必要的干扰信息,从而减轻听辨和理解的负担。图式是大脑中的先存知识,是知识在大脑中的储存单位,图式的总和就是一个人的全部知识。当译员接收到信息时,会激活大脑中的相关图式,有助于译员理解发言人的主旨和发言走向,有效地对下文做出预测。本文通过理论论述和实验分析试图探究图式与预测和口译成效之间的关系。本文首先对预测和图式进行了简要的介绍,分类阐释了不同类型的图式对预测可能产生的影响,并通过实验探究背景图式对预测策略的使用情况和对译文质量的影响。接着通过定性和定量分析,回答了提出的问题,即背景图式的建立可以帮助译员提高预测的准确率,译文质量更高。
[Abstract]:Simultaneous interpretation refers to the translation of the speaker's thoughts and feelings from one language to another at an almost synchronous rate. It is a complex cognitive ability to help people of different languages and cultures communicate. In simultaneous interpretation, interpreters need to perform a number of tasks at the same time, namely, the process of hearing, understanding and translation in a short period of time, and the interpreter's energy is limited. If any link takes up too much energy, it will affect the performance of the next link, and then affect the overall quality of translation. Therefore, in simultaneous interpretation, translators need to use a number of skills to help themselves reduce stress and free up more energy to improve the quality of output. Among them, prediction is a very important simultaneous interpretation technique. Through the prediction of the speaker's speech framework, intention, language and so on, the interpreter can better grasp the speaker's logic, better understand the content of the speech in a specific context, and filter out unnecessary interference information. Thus lighten the burden of hearing and understanding. Schema is the pre-existing knowledge in the brain, is the storage unit of knowledge in the brain, and the sum of schema is the whole knowledge of a person. When the interpreter receives the information, it activates the relevant schema in the brain, which helps the interpreter to understand the speaker's purport and the direction of the speaker's speech, and to make an effective prediction of the following. This paper attempts to explore the relationship between schema and prediction and interpretation results through theoretical and experimental analysis. This paper first gives a brief introduction of prediction and schema, explains the possible impact of different types of schema on prediction, and explores the influence of background schema on the use of prediction strategies and the quality of translation through experiments. Then, through qualitative and quantitative analysis, the paper answers the question, that is, the establishment of background schema can help translators to improve the accuracy of prediction, and the quality of translation is higher.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H315.9

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