动名化表达英汉翻译研究

发布时间：2019-04-24 08:16

【摘要】：从语义视角,名物化可以分为事件名物化和结果名物化。而动名化专指由动词转换成的名物化,且含有事件义解读,即事件名物化。在语言中,这一事件语义普遍以名物化表达的形式来呈现。此外,名物化表达出现的频率不但在同一种语言的不同体裁中差异显著,而且在不同语言之间也存在巨大悬殊。因此,当语言转换,如翻译时就会出现问题。名物化的相关研究主要围绕形态句法视角展开,较少关注其翻译问题。纵观现有研究,存在三个问题值得关注:第一,这些研究较少涉及从语义视角对名物化进行界定和分类;第二,研究普遍选用科技文本,文本类型较为单一;第三,虽然研究视角较为多样,但是研究缺乏对名物化含义的深入探索和解读。基于此,本研究以动名化表达为研究对象,以事件语义为理论基础,从英汉翻译历时语料库中进行语料检索,从而探究动名化包含的事件语义信息在英语中的呈现方式以及该信息在汉语中的可能实现方式,即英汉翻译策略。研究发现如下:(1)英语动名化表达当解读为事件语义时,其组成上具有较大的包容性,即它可以准许冠词、代词和专有名词所有格等成分进入这一表达,但并不强制它们存在与否;同时动名化表达对事件语义构成核心元素,施事、谓词和客体具有绝对约束力。(2)形容性附加语作为一类自由语义成分,在动名化表达中可以选择性存在——可以依据信息表达需要,确定该类成分是否存在。当其存在时,事件语义信息得到了极大丰富。由于其语义指向难以把握,这会在一定程度上造成英汉翻译困难,因此深入理解形容性附加语的语义特征,正确把握语义指向对于自由灵活翻译动名化表达至关重要。(3)动名化表达英汉翻译时,汉语倾向于运用动词小句来传达这一事件语义信息,这可以在很大程度上提高译文的可读性和流畅性。然而译本的生成是一个动态过程,是多因素促成的结果,因此翻译时要综合考虑文本内和文本外多重因素的影响。研究表明:事件语义视角具有较强解释力,语义逻辑表达式能够有效呈现动名化表达中语义范畴之间的深层语义关系,这为语义的跨语言转换提供了有益参考。
[Abstract]:From the semantic point of view, nominalization can be divided into event nominalization and result nominalization. The verb nominalization refers to the nominalization converted from the verb, and contains the interpretation of event meaning, that is, event nominalization. In language, the event semantics are generally expressed in the form of nominalization. In addition, the frequency of nominalization not only differs significantly in different genres of the same language, but also varies greatly between different languages. As a result, problems arise when language conversion, such as translation, occurs. The research on nominalization mainly focuses on the perspective of morphology and syntax and pays little attention to the translation of nominalization. Throughout the existing research, there are three problems worth paying attention to: first, these studies rarely involve the definition and classification of nominalization from the semantic perspective; second, scientific and technological texts are generally used in the study, and the text types are relatively single; Third, although the perspective of the research is relatively diverse, but the research lacks of deep exploration and interpretation of nominalization meaning. Based on this, this study takes nominalization expression as the research object and event semantics as the theoretical basis, and carries on the corpus retrieval from the English-Chinese translation diachronic corpus. This paper explores how the event semantic information contained in nominalization is presented in English and the possible realization of this information in Chinese, that is, the strategy of English-Chinese translation. The findings are as follows: (1) when it is interpreted as event semantics, English nominalization is more inclusive in composition, that is, it can allow articles, pronouns and proper nouns to enter the expression, such as articles, pronouns and proper nouns. But it does not force them to exist or not; At the same time, nominalization forms the core element of event semantics, and acts, predicates and objects are absolutely binding. (2) as a kind of free semantic component, the affix is a kind of free semantic component. It is possible to selectively exist in nominalization expression-to determine the existence of this class of components according to the needs of information expression. When it exists, the event semantic information is greatly enriched. Because its semantic orientation is difficult to grasp, this will cause difficulties in translating English and Chinese to a certain extent, so it is necessary to understand the semantic features of formative appurtenant to a certain extent. It is very important to correctly grasp semantic orientation for free and flexible translation. (3) when nominalization is expressed in English and Chinese, Chinese tends to use verb clauses to convey the semantic information of the event. This can greatly improve the readability and fluency of the translation. However, the generation of a translation is a dynamic process and a result of multi-factors. Therefore, the influence of multiple factors in and out of the text should be taken into account in translation. The research shows that event semantic perspective has strong explanatory power, and semantic logical expressions can effectively present the deep semantic relationship between semantic categories in naming expression, which provides a useful reference for cross-language semantic transformation.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9

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