淡色库蚊与白纹伊蚊产卵引诱物研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 15:15

本文选题：淡色库蚊 + 白纹伊蚊　；参考：《浙江大学》2008年博士论文

【摘要】： 蚊虫与人类生活关系密切。在世界许多地方,它们的叮咬严重困扰着人们,更为重要的是,它们能传播多种病症,如疟疾、丝虫病,以及众多的病毒病,如登革热、日本脑炎和黄热病等。传统的蚊虫控制方法以化学防治为主,过度依赖化学杀蚊剂引起了公众对环境污染、蚊虫抗性等问题的担忧,同时也促使人们在过去的20年中致力于寻求其他替代性蚊虫防制方法。鉴别合适的产卵场所对蚊虫来说至关重要,因为这直接关系到后代的存活。蚊虫判断产卵场所的优劣主要是依靠相关的物理和化学信息。近年来,诱卵器已经被广泛用于蚊虫的监测和控制。本文以我国两种重要的媒介蚊虫淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊为对象,主要研究了营养物质与化学物质两个因素在室内及室外对蚊虫产卵行为的影响。主要结果如下: (1)不同类型营养物质在室内对淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊产卵选择的影响室内测定了糖类、维生素类、蛋白类和氨基酸类营养物质对淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊产卵选择的影响。结果表明,淡色库蚊怀卵雌蚊偏好在1000 mg/L和100 mg/L浓度的葡萄糖溶液和1000 mg/L浓度的蔗糖溶液中产卵,而白纹伊蚊则对供试的各种糖类没有明显的产卵选择偏好;1000 mg/L和100 mg/L的鱼蛋白胨溶液与1000 mg/L浓度的酵母浸膏溶液对淡色库蚊的产卵引诱作用显著大于对照自来水,白纹伊蚊则更偏好在10 mg/L浓度的鱼蛋白胨溶液中产卵;浓度为100 mg/L的VBl溶液和VC溶液、10 mg/L浓度的VB_1溶液能显著引诱淡色库蚊产卵,10 mg/L浓度的VB_1溶液还能显著引诱白纹伊蚊产卵;在供试的20种基本氨基酸中,苯丙氨酸在设定的1000 mg/L、100 mg/L和10 mg/L 3个浓度下对淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊都具有显著的产卵引诱活性。 (2)不同类型营养物质在室内对淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊的最佳诱卵浓度及混配后的作用效果在室内测定了分别以自来水和池塘水为介质时不同营养物质的最佳作用浓度。结果表明,以自来水为介质时,100 mg/L的VB_1溶液和鱼蛋白胨溶液对淡色库蚊表现出显著的产卵引诱作用,而100 mg/L的鱼蛋白胨和1 mg/L的苯丙氨酸溶液则能显著引诱白纹伊蚊产卵。以池塘水为介质时,1 000 mg/L浓度的葡萄糖溶液和鱼蛋白胨溶液对淡色库蚊具有显著的产卵引诱活性。当将这几种营养物质按最佳浓度混配时,对两种蚊虫的产卵行为均未有增效现象。 (3)营养物质在室内与其他诱卵因素联合作用时对淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊产卵行为的影响室内测定了淡色库蚊及白纹伊蚊对不同水体、不同颜色及已知诱卵化合物的产卵反应。结果表明,与蒸馏水和自来水相比,淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊均偏好在池塘水中产卵;在供试的几种颜色中,蓝色对两种蚊虫来说都是偏好的颜色;3-甲基吲哚(粪臭素)对淡色库蚊具有显著的产卵引诱活性,而4-甲基苯酚则对白纹伊蚊的产卵弓I诱活性更强。当将营养物质与颜色、3-甲基吲哚/4-甲基苯酚、水体等诱卵因素结合起来时,仅有葡萄糖+4-甲基苯酚+池塘水的组合对淡色库蚊的产卵引诱活性表现出了增效作用。 (4)不同营养物质在野外对蚊虫的产卵引诱效果不同营养物质在室外对蚊虫的产卵引诱试验表明,在自来水为介质时,1000 mg/L、100 mg/L和10 mg/L浓度的VB_1溶液在第3 d和第4 d有一定的产卵驱避作用,以池塘水为介质时0.1 mg/L的苯丙氨酸溶液则在第3 d表现出显著的产卵弓l诱作用,其余各处理均与相应的对照无显著性差异。 (5)淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊在室内及野外大棚中对不同化合物的产卵反应室内试验表明,在供试的乙酸、丙酸、己酸、庚酸、乙酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯、二甲基二硫醚、L-乳酸。氨水和1-辛烯-3-醇等10种化合物中,0.1 mg/L浓度的乙酸溶液,10 mg/L和0.1 mg/L浓度的乙酸乙酯溶液和10 mg/L浓度的二甲基二硫醚溶液对淡色库蚊表现出显著的产卵引诱活性;而0.001 mg/L浓度的乙酸溶液,0.01 mg/L浓度的丙酸溶液和乙酸乙酯溶液,1 mg/L、0.1 mg/L和0.01 mg/L浓度的1-辛烯-3.醇溶液则对白纹伊蚊显示出显著的产卵引诱作用。进一步的野外大棚试验表明,1 mg/L浓度的乙酸乙酯溶液和10 mg/L浓度的1-辛烯-3-醇溶液分别对淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊表现出显著的产卵引诱活性。
[Abstract]:Mosquitoes are closely related to human life. In many parts of the world, their bites are seriously perplexing people and, more importantly, they can spread a variety of diseases, such as malaria, filariasis, and numerous viral diseases, such as dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis and yellow fever. The traditional mosquito control method is mainly controlled by chemical control and is overly dependent on chemical mosquito killing. The public concerns about environmental pollution, mosquito resistance and other issues, and have also contributed to the search for alternative methods of alternative mosquito control over the past 20 years.
Identifying the right place for spawning is crucial to the mosquitoes, because it is directly related to the survival of the offspring. Mosquitoes depend on the related physical and chemical information. In recent years, the egg traps have been widely used for mosquito surveillance and control. This article is based on two important medium mosquitoes, Culex pipiens and white in our country. Aedes albopictus was the object of the study. The effects of two factors, nutrients and chemicals, on indoor and outdoor spawning behavior of mosquitoes were studied.
(1) the effect of different nutrients on indoor spawning selection of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus
The effects of carbohydrates, vitamins, proteins and amino acids on the oviposition selection of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus were determined indoors. The results showed that the ovipium pipiens pipiens pallens preferred to spawn in 1000 mg/L and 100 mg/L concentrations of glucose solution and 1000 mg/L concentration of sucrose solution, while albopictus albopictus There was no apparent preference for oviposition selection; 1000 mg/L and 100 mg/L of fish peptone solution and 1000 mg/L concentration of yeast extract were more likely to seduce the oviposition of Culex pipiens pallens than the control tap water, and Aedes albopictus more preferred to spawn in the 10 mg/L concentration of fish peptone solution; the concentration of 100 mg/L VBl solution and VC solution, 10 mg/L. The concentration of VB_1 solution could induce the oviposition of Culex pipiens pallens. The 10 mg/L concentration of VB_1 solution could also induce the oviposition of Aedes albopictus. In the 20 basic amino acids of the test, the PHE had significant spawning activity to the Culex pipiens pipiens pallens and the Aedes albopictus at the set of 1000 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 10 mg/L.
(2) the best oviposition concentration and mixed effect of different nutrients on indoor Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus
The results showed that the 100 mg/L VB_1 solution and fish peptone solution showed a significant spawning effect on Culex pipiens pallens when the tap water was used as medium, while 100 mg/L of fish peptone and 1 mg/L phenylalanine solution could be displayed. The oviposition of Aedes albopictus albopictus was induced. When the pond water was used as the medium, the 1000 mg/L concentration of glucose solution and fish peptone had a significant spawning activity to Culex pipiens pallens. When these nutrients were mixed at the best concentration, the oviposition behavior of the two mosquitoes did not increase.
(3) the effect of nutrients on indoor spawning behavior of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus in combination with other oviduct factors
The results showed that the Culex pipiens pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus were preferred to spawn in pond water compared with distilled water and tap water, and blue color was a preferred color to two species of mosquitoes in several colors; 3- methyl. Indole (Nobel) has a significant spawning activity to Culex pipiens pallens, while 4- methylphenol has more I activity on the oviposition arch of Aedes albopictus. When combining nutrients with color, 3- methyl indole /4- methylphenol and water body, only glucose +4- methylphenol + pond water can spawn the Culex pipiens pallens The seduction activity showed a synergistic effect.
(4) the effect of different nutrients on the laying of mosquitoes in the wild.
The spawning test of different nutrients outside the mosquitoes showed that 1000 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 10 mg/L concentrations of VB_1 solution had a certain oviposition repellent in third D and fourth d when the tap water was the medium. The 0.1 mg/L phenylalanine solution in the pond water showed a significant spawning bow in third D, and the rest of the others. There was no significant difference between the treatment and the corresponding control.
(5) oviposition responses of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus to different compounds in indoor and outdoor greenhouses
Laboratory tests showed that in the tested acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoate, heptanic acid, ethyl acetate, ethyl butyrate, two methyl two thioether, L- lactic acid, ammonia and 1- octene -3- alcohol, 0.1 mg/L concentration of acetic acid, 10 mg/L and 0.1 mg/L concentration of ethyl acetate solution and 10 mg/L concentration of two methyl two thioether solution showed Culex pipiens pipiens pallens Significant eggs lure the activity, while 0.001 mg/L concentration of acetic acid solution, 0.01 mg/L concentration of propionic and ethyl acetate solution, 1 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L and 0.01 mg/L concentration of 1- octyl -3. alcohol solution showed a significant spawning effect on Aedes albopictus. Further field shed test showed that the 1 mg/L concentration of ethyl acetate solution and 10 1- octyl -3- alcohol solution at mg/L concentration showed significant oviposition attraction activity against Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus respectively.

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R384.1

【引证文献】