我国制造业对外直接投资对国内制造业影响的研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 01:41

本文选题：对外直接投资　切入点：国内制造业　出处：《对外经济贸易大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：二十世纪九十年代以来,我国对外直接投资总体规模不断扩大,增长速度逐年上升,特别是2000年我国政府提出“走出去”发展战略时,我国的对外直接投资取得了飞速发展。我国企业的对外直接投资呈现出逆势上扬的态势,2010-2012年世界投资前景调查报告显示,我国在2010-2012年间就已经跃居世界第二大最具潜力的对外投资国,我国在世界经济大潮中正扮演着越来越重要的对外直接投资国的角色。在此浪潮的推动下,我国的制造业对外直接投资也呈现着迅猛发展的态势,2015年我国制造业对外直接投资流量为199.9亿美元,同比增长108.5%,占比13.7%。而2015年我国制造业对外直接投资并购数量在全行业中最多,为131起,涉及金额137.2亿美元,金额占比25.2%1。与我国制造业对外直接投资的发展形势相反,我国的制造业正面临着前所未有的竞争压力。改革开放以来,我国的制造业始终以劳动密集型的加工制造业为主,利用我国廉价劳动力和政府改革开放优惠政策红利,凭借大规模的加工制造在国际产业分工中占据着低端加工制造生产环节,释放出了近三十年的加工制造业高速增长的潜力。但随着我国人口红利逐渐消退,过去赖以生存的加工制造业的人力资源成本“被抬升”,国内企业尤其是外资企业开始“用不起”中国的劳动力。加工制造业由于人力资源成本的上涨而变得日渐萎缩,尤其是在2010年之后,东南亚国家利用其本国相比我国更为低廉的人力资本优势,与我国抢夺国际产业分工中的低端加工制造环节,导致在我国设有分公司或者分部的跨国公司,纷纷选择在亚洲其他国家投资办厂,进而导致我国的加工制造业严重下滑;另一方面,高端的品牌创新,新产品研发和设计等生产环节,由于国内的技术研发及RD发展力度不够,却长期一直被欧美日等发达国家占据,此时中国制造业生存现状就好比是“夹心饼干”,左右都被挤压,令人好不难受!为此,我国的制造业必须寻求转型,通过资本输出,鼓励本土企业积极“走出去”,通过竞争倒逼企业实行技术革新和改善经济管理,从而带动国内的制造业由过去的粗放的劳动密集型的加工制造转向技术密集型和规模经济基础上的资金密集型,实现产业发展方式的转型,推动我国对外直接投资的发展。由于国内企业纷纷“走出去”在境外实现了投资,那么是否会对国内制造业产生影响?这个问题就值得我们思考,本文在此思路的基础上来探讨,我国制造业对外直接投资对国内制造业增长的影响这一选题就具有现实层面的积极意义!
[Abstract]:Since 1990s, the overall size of China's foreign direct investment continues to expand, the growth rate increased year by year, especially in 2000, the Chinese government put forward the strategy of "going out", China's foreign direct investment has achieved a rapid development. The foreign direct investment of Chinese enterprises showing a rising trend of the situation, 2010-2012 years of world investment prospects survey the report shows that in China in 2010-2012 years has been ranked second in the world's most promising foreign investment in the country, China plays an increasingly important role in China's foreign direct investment in the world economy. Under the impetus of this wave, China's manufacturing industry foreign direct investment is also showing a trend of rapid development in 2015, China's manufacturing industry foreign direct investment flows of $19 billion 990 million, an increase of 108.5%, accounting for 13.7%. and in 2015 China's manufacturing industry mergers and acquisitions of foreign direct investment The largest number in the entire industry, for 131, involving an amount of $13 billion 720 million, accounting for the amount of the development situation of manufacturing industry of foreign direct investment than 25.2%1. and China on the contrary, China's manufacturing industry is facing a hitherto unknown competition. Since the reform and opening up, China's manufacturing industry has always been to labour intensive industries the main use of our cheap labor and the government reform and opening up preferential dividend policy, with a massive manufacturing in the international industrial division to occupy the low-end manufacturing production chain, released nearly thirty years of manufacturing industry of high growth potential. But as China's demographic dividend gradually subsided, the survival of the manufacturing industry in the past the cost of human resources is rising, domestic enterprises especially foreign enterprises began to "can't afford" Chinese labor. Manufacturing industry due to rising cost of human resources. Become shrinking, especially in 2010, Southeast Asian countries use their own cheaper compared to China's human capital advantage, and China's international division of labor in the low-end processing from the manufacturing sector, resulting in our country with a branch or division of the multinational companies have chosen to set up factories in other countries to invest in Asia, leading to the manufacturing industry of our country serious decline; on the other hand, high-end brand innovation, new product development and design production, due to the technology development and the development of RD is not enough, but the long-term has been Europe United States and Japan and other developed countries occupy the industry, survival status is Chinese manufacturing "biscuit", left and right have been squeezed, is very uncomfortable! To this end, China's manufacturing industry must seek transformation through the capital output, to encourage local enterprises to actively "go out", the competition forced enterprises The technological innovation and improve economic management, so as to drive the domestic manufacturing sector by processing the past extensive labor-intensive manufacturing to capital intensive technology intensive and scale economy based on the industrial transformation of development mode, promote China's foreign direct investment development. Because the domestic enterprises have to go out in the the overseas investment, then it will have an impact on the domestic manufacturing industry? This question is worth us thinking, based on ideas, positive impact of China's manufacturing industry foreign direct investment growth in the domestic manufacturing industry this topic is of practical level!

【学位授予单位】：对外经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F424;F125

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