河南省大学生可就业能力研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 14:01

本文选题：大学生 + 可就业能力　；参考：《信阳师范学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大学生就业一直是党和国家关注的热点问题,自1999年高校扩招以来,毕业生人数逐年增加。由于高校毕业生众多,加上国内经济增速放缓、产业结构调整、总量就业压力和结构性矛盾等因素的影响,高校毕业生就业形势相当严峻。河南省人口众多,高校众多且以地方性高校为主,在贯彻实施省委、省政府“科教兴豫”和“人才强省”战略,“人口红利向高素质、高技能的人才红利转变”政策,“建设人力资源强省”目标的工作大局中,研究、解决河南省大学生就业问题无疑具有积极的理论和现实意义。就业问题的影响因素有很多,用人单位在招聘过程中经常把大学生的个人能力作为非常重要的一个衡量指标,大学生的可就业能力会对大学生就业产生影响。已有研究表明,造成我国高校毕业生就业难,大学生的可就业能力不足是不容忽视的重要原因。因此,本研究在基于以往研究不足的基础上,以信阳师范学院、信阳职业技术学院、河南大学、郑州大学、黄淮学院等五所高校的780名应届毕业生作为研究对象,进行横断研究和为期6个月的追踪研究。在横断研究上,研究一主要探讨河南省大学生社会支持、心理资本、可就业能力的现状及其在人口学变量上的差异,研究二基于资源保存理论探讨河南省大学生社会支持、心理资本、可就业能力三者之间的关系以及作用机制,研究三基于社会认同理论和身份标记观点,采用横断研究和追踪研究相结合的方法考察河南省大学生可就业能力与就业结果的关系。研究的主要结论如下:(1)河南省大学生的社会支持、心理资本、可就业能力总体在中等偏上水平;(2)河南省大学生可就业能力在性别上差异不显著,在学生类型、家庭收入情况、专业与兴趣一致性上存在显著差异;社会支持在性别、家庭收入情况、专业与兴趣一致性上差异不显著,在学生类型上存在显著差异;心理资本在性别、家庭收入情况上差异不显著,在学生类型、专业与兴趣一致性上存在显著差异;(3)河南省大学生的社会支持、心理资本对可就业能力有显著的正向预测作用;(4)河南省大学生的心理资本在社会支持与可就业能力之间发挥着部分中介作用;(5)河南省大学生可就业能力中的职业认同因素对录用通知数有显著预测作用;人际关系、网络差异因素对起步月薪有显著预测作用;问题解决、乐观开朗、网络差异因素对工作满意度有显著预测作用;(6)生源地在河南省大学生可就业能力与录用通知数的关系中起调节作用。农村大学生可就业能力对录用通知数影响显著,城市大学生可就业能力对录用通知数影响不显著。
[Abstract]:The employment of college students has always been a hot issue of concern by the Party and the government. Since the expansion of college enrollment in 1999, the number of graduates has increased year by year. Due to the large number of college graduates and the influence of the domestic economic growth rate, the adjustment of industrial structure, the total employment pressure and the structural contradiction, the employment situation of college graduates is quite severe. Henan Province has a large population, a large number of colleges and universities, and mainly local colleges and universities. In carrying out the strategy of "prospering Henan with science and education" and "strengthening the province with talents" by the provincial party committee, the provincial government and the provincial government, the policy of "changing the population dividend to a high quality and high skill talent dividend" is carried out. In the overall situation of the goal of "building a strong province of human resources", it is undoubtedly of positive theoretical and practical significance to study and solve the employment problem of college students in Henan Province. There are many factors affecting the employment problem. Employers often regard the individual ability of college students as a very important measure in the process of recruitment, and the employability of college students will have an impact on the employment of college students. Studies have shown that the difficulty of employment of college graduates in China, the lack of employability of college students is an important reason that can not be ignored. Therefore, on the basis of the lack of previous research, this study takes 780 fresh graduates from five universities, such as Xinyang normal University, Xinyang Vocational and Technical College, Henan University, Zhengzhou University, Huanghuai University, as research objects. A cross-sectional study and a 6-month follow-up study were conducted. In the crosscutting research, the first study mainly discusses the current situation of social support, psychological capital, employability of college students in Henan Province and their differences in demographic variables. The second study discusses the social support of college students in Henan Province based on the theory of resource conservation. The relationship between psychological capital and employability, and the mechanism of action, the research is based on social identity theory and identity marker view. The relationship between employability and employment outcome of college students in Henan Province was investigated by means of crosscutting and tracing studies. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: 1) the social support, psychological capital and employability of college students in Henan Province are generally at the upper middle level. (2) there is no significant difference in the employability of college students in Henan Province in terms of gender, types of students, family income, etc. There are significant differences in the consistency of major and interest, social support in gender, family income, professional and interest consistency, there are significant differences in the types of students, psychological capital in gender, There is no significant difference in family income. There are significant differences in the types of students, the consistency of majors and interests (3) the social support of college students in Henan Province. Psychological capital has a significant positive predictive effect on employability. (4) Psychological capital plays a part of intermediary role between social support and employability of college students in Henan Province) the occupation of the employability of college students in Henan Province Identification factors have significant predictive effect on the number of employment notices; Interpersonal relationships, network differences have significant predictive effect on starting monthly salary; problem solving, optimistic, cheerful, The factor of network difference has a significant predictive effect on job satisfaction. (6) the source of college students plays a regulating role in the relationship between employability and the number of employment notices of college students in Henan Province. The employability of rural college students has a significant effect on the number of employment notices, while the employability of urban college students has no significant effect on the number of employment notices.
【学位授予单位】：信阳师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2;G647.38

【参考文献】