四川省基层医疗卫生服务机构开展宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查能力的调查

发布时间：2019-01-08 18:09

【摘要】：背景随着宫颈癌和乳腺癌发病率的逐年升高,原国家卫生部在全国开展了宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查的试点工作。目的了解四川省基层医疗卫生服务机构开展宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查的能力。方法 2011年6月—2012年6月,通过查阅文献、专题小组讨论和德尔菲法获得调查指标;通过收集既往资料、现场观察、电话访问获取四川省71家基层医疗卫生服务机构的相关信息,对基层医疗卫生服务机构的基本情况及开展宫颈癌、乳腺癌筛查的人力资源、仪器设备、技术能力进行调查,并比较不同经济水平地区和不同地貌地区机构的差异。结果高国内生产总值(GDP)组较低GDP组业务用房面积大(P0.05),平坝组床位数较丘陵组、山区组多(P0.05);高GDP组年门急诊诊疗人次数较低GDP组多(P0.05),不同地貌地区年门急诊诊疗人次数间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。高GDP组在岗工作人员、卫生技术人员、大专及以上学历人员、执业医师、注册护士、中/西医药师(士)、检验和影像技师(士)均多于低GDP组,平坝组的上述人员多于丘陵组和山区组(P0.05)。71家机构中,67家配置有妇科检查床及器械,9家配置了乳腺高频超声,3家配置了细胞学检测器材,3家配置了近红外线,1家配置了阴道镜,各机构均未配置人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)-DNA和钼靶X线检测设备;10家机构开展过宫颈癌筛查,5家机构开展过乳腺癌筛查。共39家机构建立了居民健康档案,高GDP组居民健康档案建立率高于低GDP组,平坝组高于丘陵组和山区组(P0.05)。结论目前四川省基层医疗卫生服务机构开展宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查的能力较弱,只能够承担起宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查项目中组织动员和初步筛查的任务,建议通过合理提高和配置卫生人力资源,加强基层医疗卫生服务机构筛查宫颈癌和乳腺癌的能力。
[Abstract]:Background with the increasing incidence of cervical cancer and breast cancer, the former Ministry of Health carried out the pilot work of cervical cancer and breast cancer screening in China. Objective to investigate the ability of cervical cancer and breast cancer screening in primary health care institutions in Sichuan province. Methods from June 2011 to June 2012, the survey indicators were obtained through literature review, panel discussion and Delphi method. Through the collection of past data, on-site observation, telephone interviews to obtain relevant information about 71 primary medical and health services in Sichuan Province, the basic situation of primary medical and health services and the human resources for screening cervical cancer and breast cancer, Instrument, equipment, technical ability to investigate, and compare the economic level of different regions and different geomorphological areas of institutional differences. Results the number of beds in Pingba group was larger than that in hilly group and mountainous group (P0.05), and the area of room in (GDP) group with high GDP was larger than that in low GDP group (P0.05), and the number of beds in Pingba group was higher than that in hilly group. The number of annual outpatient visits in the high GDP group was higher than that in the low GDP group (P0.05), but there was no significant difference in the number of annual outpatient visits in different geomorphological areas (P0.05). The number of in-service staff, health technicians, junior college students and above, medical practitioners, registered nurses, Chinese and western medicine pharmacists, examination and imaging technicians in the high GDP group were more than those in the low GDP group. Of 71 institutions, 67 were equipped with gynecological examination beds and instruments, 9 were equipped with high-frequency ultrasound of mammary glands, and 3 were equipped with cytological testing equipment. Three of them were equipped with near infrared ray, one with colposcopy, and none of them was equipped with (HPV) DNA and molybdenum target X-ray detection equipment. Ten institutions have carried out cervical cancer screening, 5 institutions have carried out breast cancer screening. A total of 39 institutions established resident health records, the establishment rate of health records in high GDP group was higher than that in low GDP group, and that in Pingba group was higher than that in hilly group and mountain group (P0.05). Conclusion at present, the capacity of primary medical and health service in Sichuan province to carry out cervical cancer and breast cancer screening is weak, and it can only undertake the task of organization mobilization and preliminary screening in the screening project of cervical cancer and breast cancer. It is suggested to strengthen the ability of primary medical and health service institutions to screen cervical cancer and breast cancer by reasonably improving and allocating health human resources.
【作者单位】：四川大学华西公共卫生学院;成都市疾病预防控制中心;四川省卫生信息中心;
【基金】：四川省卫生厅科学研究基金(080321,100361) 成都市科技局科技支撑项目(11PPYB002SF-289)
【分类号】：R197.1

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