县域农村义务教育师资队伍建设研究

发布时间：2019-06-22 08:32

【摘要】：国务院总理李克强在2015年8月26日主持召开国务院常务会议时提出,“最重要的教育资源不是楼房、不是课桌,是教师”。义务教育师资的配置状况直接决定了义务教育资源的配置水平和教育教学质量。改革开放以来,我国在基本实现普及九年义务教育基础上,提出了推进义务教育均衡发展的战略目标。现阶段,义务教育资源的不均衡问题已成为备受关注的民生问题。教师等人力资源是教育事业发展的根本和第一资源,是推进义务教育资源均衡配置的关键因素,成为促进我国义务教育全面发展的前提和基础。我国义务教育师资配置不均衡主要体现为城乡之间的巨大差距。因此推进我国义务教育师资均衡配置就是要加强农村义务教育师资队伍建设。政府作为基本公共服务的主要提供者,优化农村义务教育教师资源是其本职工作。本项研究首先以教育公平理论为基础对湖北省潜江市实施的“义务教育教师队伍建设工程”进行纵向的历史梳理,从数量、质量两个维度梳理2010-2014年潜江市农村义务教育师资队伍建设情况,观察潜江市在落实国家义务教育师资建设政策的创新与变通,研究农村义务教育师资情况的发展,并总结其经验。继而结合2014年湖北省潜江市教育局统计数据,按照城区、镇区和乡村划分标准进行横向比较,同样选取数量和质量两个维度分析三地区在义务教育师资配置上的差距及变化趋势,并分析其中存在的问题及原因。基于上述分析,本文以潜江市为例对县域农村义务教育师资队伍建设进行思考总结,并提出相应的发展路径。全文共分为四个部分：第一部分是导论,从当前我国城乡义务教育师资配置非均衡的现实出发,分析加强本项研究的缘起,继而从党和国家加强农村义务教育师资队伍建设的国家战略的角度阐释本项研究的意义,最后从总体上介绍本项研究的分析思路和研究。本项研究基本从历史的纵向角度和区域的横向比较两个角度根据湖北省潜江市教育局的统计数据具体分析其在加强农村义务教育师资队伍建设方面的有益做法和存在的不足。为此本项研究主要采取了实证研究、文献梳理和比较归纳三种研究方法。第二部分是概念界定及理论研究综述,首先界定了义务教育、师资及农村三组概念核心概念,然后阐释了本项研究的理论基础,最后从我国义务教育师资队伍建设的总体性研究、城乡义务教育师资均衡发展研究和县域义务教育师资均衡配置的实证研究三个方面对学界的既有研究进行梳理评析,通过研究综述找到了本项研究的主题,即县域农村义务教育师资队伍建设研究。第三部分梳理潜江市农村义务教育师资队伍建设的措施与成就。自2010年起,潜江市通过不断完善全市义务教育师资队伍的统筹管理和合理配置机制,健全全市义务教育师资队伍的补充、交流和培训机制,保障全市义务教育阶段教师的工资福利待遇,改革全市义务教育学校校长管理办法,不仅降低农村义务教育师生比,同时优化农村义务教育师资队伍结构。第四部分分析潜江市农村义务教育师资队伍存在的问题与成因。基于教育公平理论从城乡义务教育师资均衡发展的角度看,潜江市农村义务教育师资在数量上的师生比和质量上的结构比等方面与城区和镇区相比还存在一定的差距。同时农村义务教育教师存在严重的流失问题。造成潜江市城乡义务教育师资非均衡的因素中,城乡二元结构是其根本原因,重点学校建设成为历史原因,工资福利待遇构成经济原因,教师流动是拉大城乡差距的直接原因。第五部分基于上述分析提出加强县域农村义务教育师资队伍建设的路劲选择：强化县级政府在统筹城乡区域义务教育师资配置的职责；完善县域内义务教育教师资源互动与共同发展机制；构建县级义务教育师资配置均衡化的评价指标。
[Abstract]:Li Keqiang, the premier of the State Council, presented the "The most important educational resource is not a building, not a desk. It's a teacher." of the State Council's executive meeting on August 26,2015. The configuration of the teachers of compulsory education directly determines the level of the allocation of compulsory education resources and the teaching quality of the education. Since the reform and opening-up, China has put forward the strategic goal of promoting the balanced development of compulsory education on the basis of the basic realization of the nine-year compulsory education. At present, the problem of non-equilibrium of compulsory education resources has become a popular problem. The human resource, such as the teacher, is the fundamental and the first resource of the development of the education cause, is the key factor to promote the balanced allocation of the compulsory education resources, and becomes the premise and foundation for promoting the overall development of the compulsory education in China. The imbalance of the teacher allocation of compulsory education in China is mainly reflected in the great gap between urban and rural areas. Therefore, to promote the balanced allocation of the compulsory education teachers in China is to strengthen the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers. The government, as the main provider of basic public service, is to optimize the rural compulsory education teachers' resources. On the basis of the theory of education and fairness, the research of the present study is to comb the "construction project of compulsory education teachers" of the implementation of the Qianjiang City in Hubei Province, and to comb the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers in the Qianjiang City from 2010 to 2014 according to the quantity and the quality. To observe the development of the rural compulsory education teachers' situation and to sum up their experience in the implementation of the innovation and adaptation of the national compulsory education teachers' construction policy. Then, combined with the statistics of the Education Bureau of the Qianjiang City of Hubei Province in 2014, according to the urban, town and country division standards, the difference and the trend of the three areas in the teacher allocation of compulsory education are also analyzed. And the existing problems and the reasons are analyzed. Based on the above analysis, this paper summarizes the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers in Qianjiang City as an example, and puts forward the corresponding development path. The full text is divided into four parts: the first part is the introduction, from the current reality of the non-equilibrium of the teacher allocation of the urban and rural compulsory education in our country, the analysis and strengthening the origin of this study, Then, the significance of this study is explained from the perspective of the national strategy to strengthen the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers in the country and the state, and the analysis and research of this study are finally introduced. According to the statistical data of the Education Bureau of the Qianjiang City, Hubei Province, this study is based on the statistical data of the Education Bureau of the Qianjiang City of Hubei Province. In this study, three methods of research, such as empirical study, literature review and comparison, are taken. The second part is the summary of the concept definition and the theoretical research, first defines the core concepts of the three groups of concepts of the compulsory education, the teachers and the rural areas, and then explains the theoretical foundation of this study, and finally, from the overall study of the construction of the teaching staff of the compulsory education in China, The research on the research of the balanced development of the urban and rural compulsory education and the empirical study of the balanced configuration of the county-level compulsory education teachers has made an analysis on the existing research of the academic circle, and the main theme of this study is found through the research, that is, the research of the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers in the county. The third part is to sort out the measures and achievements of the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers in the Qianjiang city. Since 2010, Qianjiang City has improved the comprehensive management and reasonable allocation mechanism of the whole city's compulsory education teachers, so as to improve the supplement, exchange and training mechanism of the whole city's compulsory education teachers, and guarantee the welfare and welfare of the teachers in the compulsory education phase of the whole city. The reform of the school principal management method of the city's compulsory education not only reduces the proportion of the rural compulsory education, but also optimizes the structure of the rural compulsory education teachers. The fourth part analyzes the problems and causes of the teachers of rural compulsory education in Qianjiang. Based on the theory of education and fairness, from the perspective of the balanced development of the urban and rural compulsory education teachers, there are still some differences in the number of rural compulsory education teachers in the Qianjiang city, compared with the urban and town areas. At the same time, the rural compulsory education teachers have serious problem of loss. The main reason is that the urban and rural dual structure is the root cause, the construction of the key school becomes the historical reason, the wage and welfare treatment forms the economic reason, the teacher's flow is the direct cause of the widening of the gap between the urban and rural areas. The fifth part, based on the above analysis, puts forward the way to strengthen the construction of the rural compulsory education teachers in the county. To construct the evaluation index of the level-level compulsory education teacher allocation.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G522.3

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