对外汉语课堂教学特殊性之分析

发布时间：2018-02-21 15:06

本文关键词： 对外汉语课堂教学感知结构特殊性教师对外汉语教学处理教材语言习得课堂组织阶段教学外国学生　出处：《汉语学习》1992年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：正对外汉语课堂教学有其特殊性,这似乎是个不证自明的问题。关于如何把握这种特殊性,又被表述为一个课堂艺术的问题。当我们进一步追问:这种特殊性的科学根据是什么?其结构性内容是什么?有什么原则可遵循?这时就会发现一些规律性的东西尚有待于分析探索。也只有对这些规律深刻认识之后,才能更自觉地把握对外汉语课堂教学的特殊性,从而将科学分析和艺术把握这两种截然不同的方式结合在一起,达到提高教学质量的目的。 (一)问题的提出及依据 (1)语言教学的特点语言是文化的重要内容和表征、媒介,各民族文化的特点在其语言中均有微妙的对应和体现。人之所以能成为社会人在于社会化过程,实现社会化过程又必须借助语言习得。而语言习得的机制便是人的感知结构。感知结构既是人和语言之间的中介装置,又是人对文化的内化装置。不同文化背景下的人在感知结构上既有生物学和人类学意义的相同之处,又有文化意义上的差别之处。不同的价值观念、信仰、思维、行为规范等都在人的感知结构上打下烙印,并作用于语言行为和语言习得过程。所以,对外汉语教学的特殊性是以教学对象的感
[Abstract]:The classroom teaching of Chinese as a foreign language has its own particularity, which seems to be a self-evident problem. It is also described as a question of classroom art. When we further ask: what is the scientific basis for this particularity? What is its structural content? What are the principles to follow? At this time, we will find that some regular things have yet to be analyzed and explored. Only when we have a deep understanding of these laws can we grasp more consciously the particularity of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. In order to improve the quality of teaching, the two distinct ways of scientific analysis and artistic mastery are combined. (1) the question and the basis of language teaching are the characteristics of language teaching, which is the important content and representation of culture. The characteristics of the media and the cultures of various nationalities have subtle correspondence and embodiment in their languages. The reason why people can become social people lies in the process of socialization. The mechanism of language acquisition is human perceptual structure, which is the intermediary between human and language. People in different cultural backgrounds not only have similarities in biological and anthropological meanings, but also differences in cultural meanings. Different values, beliefs, thinking, The behavior norms are imprinted on the perceptual structure of human beings and act on language behavior and language acquisition process. Therefore, the particularity of teaching Chinese as a foreign language is based on the sense of the teaching object.
【作者单位】：西安外国语学院中国语言文化培训中心

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