基于HSK动态作文语料库的别字分析

发布时间：2018-04-03 04:15

本文选题：HSK动态作文语料库　切入点：别字　出处：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着中国国际地位的提高，中外经济文化交流更加广泛，作为交流媒介语言之一的汉语逐渐走上了世界的舞台，越来越多的外国人士开始学习汉语。由于汉语具有同音字多、形声字多的特点，汉字成为汉语学习者面临的一大难题，尤其是对形近字的掌握，对于汉语学习者来说更加困难，常常因对形近字的掌握欠佳而写成别字。本文以北京语言大学崔希亮教授主持的HSK动态作文语料库为平台，把语料库中的别字作为统计分析对象。经统计发现，别字中的形近音近别字、形近音不近别字占有很大的比例，不同国籍、不同水平的汉语学习者，在形近别字偏误情况中有不同的体现。针对以上表现情况，笔者全方面分析，对形近别字产生的原因进行了考察。经分析，一方面，形近别字与汉字本身的特点有关，尤其是从结构上看，部件因素是影响形近字偏误的重要原因。另一方面，，无论是汉字文化圈还是非汉字文化圈国家的学习者，平均偏误次数都很高，但汉字文化圈的学习者形近字的平均偏误次数低于非汉字文化圈的学习者。此外，汉字学习水平越高的学习者形近字偏误率越低，反之越高。综合以上因素，关于对外汉语形近字教学，笔者提出以下几点建议：注重形近字形音义关系教学；注重汉字部件教学；注重听说读写相结合；对于不同文化背景的学习者有区别地教学；根据学习者学习水平分阶段教学。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of China ' s international status , the exchange of Chinese and foreign economic and cultural exchanges has become more extensive . As one of the media languages , Chinese has gradually stepped on to the stage of the world , and more and more foreign people begin to learn Chinese . As the Chinese have the characteristics of homophone and shape , Chinese characters become a big problem for Chinese learners , especially the mastery of the shape - shaped near word , which is more difficult for Chinese learners .

On the other hand , the higher the learning level of Chinese characters , the lower the average error rate of the shape - shaped near - word , the higher the average deviation of the learner - shaped near - word of the Chinese character cultural circle is lower than that of the non - Chinese - character cultural circle .
To pay attention to the teaching of Chinese character parts ;
Focus on the combination of listening and writing ;
For learners with different cultural backgrounds , they can teach differently ;
according to the learner ' s learning level .

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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