语法隐喻与汉语词典自指义项的设立——一项基于语料库的研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 05:28

本文选题：名化　切入点：语法隐喻　出处：《外国语文》2009年01期

【摘要】：不少汉语语法和词典学方面的研究恪守"词义不变,词类不变"和"兼类尽可能少"的原则,对于动词、形容词名化②后的自指义项基本不予认可。文章指出,自指用法其实是一种语法隐喻;尽管语法隐喻中变化的主要是语法意义或词类,但词汇意义并非完全没有改变;汉语词典(尤其是对外汉语学习词典)应该根据语料库用法模式调查所发现的规律性自指用法设立自指义项;人为减少兼类的做法掩盖了语言事实,尤其不利于对外汉语学习者用户生成语法正确的汉语。汉语词典不设立自指义项在理论上难以自圆其说,在实践中往往矛盾迭出。因此,汉语词典设立自指义项不仅有客观的科学依据,而且还有很强的应用价值。
[Abstract]:Many researches on Chinese grammar and lexicography adhere to the principles of "invariance of word meaning, invariance of parts of speech" and "minimization of both categories".The paper points out that self-reference usage is actually a kind of grammatical metaphor, although grammatical meaning or part of speech is the main change in grammatical metaphor, but lexical meaning is not completely unchanged.Chinese dictionaries (especially the dictionary for learning Chinese as a foreign language) should set up self-referential meanings according to the regular self-referential meanings found in the investigation of the usage patterns of the corpus, and the practice of artificial reduction of both categories hides the fact of language.In particular, it is unfavorable for Chinese learners to generate correct grammar in Chinese as a foreign language.It is difficult to explain in theory that the Chinese dictionary does not set up self-referential meanings, and contradictions often occur in practice.Therefore, the establishment of Chinese lexicon not only has objective scientific basis, but also has strong application value.
【作者单位】：四川外语学院评建办公室;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目(批准号:08XYY009) 重庆市教委人文社科项目(批准号:07SK082) 重庆市首批高等学校优秀人才支持计划资助项目的阶段性成果
【分类号】：H314.1

【参考文献】