汉英“吃”类语词语义对比分析

发布时间：2018-04-03 07:11

  本文选题：“吃”类语词　切入点：语义对比　出处：《福建师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“吃”是一个表基本动作的动词,是汉语中的高频动词,也是英语中的常用动词。汉英语中的“吃”都是多义词,二者的基本义是对等的,其它义项都是通过基本义发展转化而来,但它们的义项不是一一对应的关系,汉语“吃”的义项要多于英语“eat”的义项。汉英语“吃”的义项都可以分为表方式的和表状态、结果的两个语义场,二者语义延伸过程也有相似之处。作为动词的汉英语“吃”后跟宾语的情况也呈现出差异性,后跟的宾语能影响到“吃”的语义。这些是由中西思维方式和汉英两种语言的形态不同造成的。此外,汉英语中都有着丰富的“吃”类语词,这些语词的语义也存在一定的对应关系。留学生在学习汉语词汇时,常常出现掌握了词义但不能准确、恰当地运用的情况,不能达到用汉语进行交际的目的。因此,教师有必要把词义放在具体语境中讲解。
[Abstract]:"eat" is a verb for basic action, a high-frequency verb in Chinese and a common verb in English.In Chinese and English, "eat" is a polysemous word, the basic meaning of both is equivalent, and other meanings are transformed through the development of basic meaning, but their meanings are not one-to-one correspondence.The meaning of eating in Chinese is more than that of eat in English.The meaning of "eating" in Chinese and English can be divided into two semantic fields: the form and the state, and the two semantic extension processes are similar.As a verb, the situation of "eat" followed by an object is different, and the following object can affect the meaning of "eat".These are caused by the differences between Chinese and Western thinking modes and the Chinese and English languages.In addition, there are abundant "eat" words in Chinese and English.When studying Chinese vocabulary, foreign students often grasp the meaning of words but can not use them accurately and properly, and can not achieve the purpose of communication in Chinese.Therefore, it is necessary for teachers to explain the meaning of words in specific context.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195.3

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