从话题兴趣角度调查对外汉语教材与学习者匹配情况

发布时间：2018-07-07 15:05

本文选题：话题兴趣 + 匹配　；参考：《华中科技大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】：话题包括句子话题和篇章话题。前者主要是指在分析句子结构时的话题,它与述题相对。后者可以等同于标题。本文中只考虑篇章话题。兴趣包括前景兴趣,个人兴趣和话题兴趣,它们都对学习有很重大的作用。本文着重讲述话题兴趣与其它兴趣的关系及其对学习的重要作用。学习者的兴趣是教材评估要考虑的主要要素之一。对外汉语教材的话题与学习者的兴趣是否相匹配对教材的编写及学习者的学习有很大的作用。教材是老师教学和学生学习的主要内容。现在对外汉语教材很多。对这些教材的评估就显得尤为重要。在评估教材的所有要素中教材的内容是否使学生感兴趣是很重要的。怎样根据学生的话题兴趣选择对外汉语教材很有意义。本文研究外国汉语学习者使用较为广泛的四套对外汉语教材中的话题与学习者话题兴趣匹配情况,此外还研究外国汉语学习者的话题兴趣以及美国与非洲汉语学习者之间话题兴趣的差异。这四套对外汉语教材是:北京语言学院出版社的《汉语教程》和《桥梁》,北京大学出版社的《速成汉语》和北京外国语大学的《外国人学中国语》。通过调查研究,结论如下: 1)外国汉语学习者更加喜欢情感生活,旅游和娱乐方面的话题。对于具体的话题而言,在所有的四十一个话题中,外国学习者最感兴趣的20个话题从最感兴趣到最不感兴趣排序分别为友情、旅游、亲情、爱情、健康生活、读书看报、涉外出入境、旅游和度假、婚姻、家庭生活、社会伦理和道德标准、环境保护、谈天说地、住宿、运动健身、音乐、自我介绍、校园求学、自然科学以及问路。外国学习者最不感兴趣的20个话题从最不感兴趣到最感兴趣排序分别为吸烟吸毒赌博、时尚、求职与就业、电视节目、气候天气、娱乐圈内、商贸与经济、精明理财、时间日期、公共服务、紧急情况、人文科学、网络、约会聚会、餐饮文化、逛街购物、动物、会面与告别、房屋住宅。 2)美国教师与非洲学生有着明显的话题差异,一方面是由于文化差异,另一方面是由于年龄差异。经过调查研究发现他们在九个方面有显著的差异,分别是亲情、音乐、旅游、动物、社会伦理和道德标准、因特网、校园求学及科学。在有最显著差异的九个话题中美国学习者比较教感兴趣的话题为亲情、音乐、旅游、动物、以及社会伦理和道德标准。在有最显著差异的九个话题中非洲籍学习者比较教感兴趣的话题为网络、校园求学及自然科学。 3)在话题兴趣方面,在四套教材中,北京语言学院出版社出版的汉语教程与学习者话题兴趣最匹配,其次是北京大学出版社的速成汉语,北京外国语大学的外国人学中国语以及北京语言学院的桥梁。
[Abstract]:The topic includes the topic of sentence and the topic of text. The former mainly refers to the topic in the analysis of the sentence structure. It is relative to the topic. The latter can be equivalent to the title. In this article, only the topic of the text is considered. The interest of the text is considered as the topic of the text. The interest includes the future interest, the individual interest and the topic interest. The relationship between interest and its important role in learning. Learner's interest is the main factor to consider in textbook evaluation.
First, whether the topic of the Chinese teaching materials and the interest of the learners have a great effect on the writing of the teaching materials and the learning of the learners. The teaching material is the main content of the teacher's teaching and the students' study. Now there are many textbooks in the Chinese as a foreign language. How to make students interested is very important. It is of great significance to choose the teaching materials of Chinese as a foreign language according to the topic interest of the students. This paper studies the matching of the topic and the subject interest of the four foreign Chinese learners, and also studies the topic interest of the foreign Chinese Learners as well as the interest of the foreign Chinese learners. The differences in topic interest between American and African Chinese learners. The four sets of teaching materials for foreign language are: "Chinese course >" and "bridge >" of the Beijing Language Institute Press, "quick Chinese" by the Peking University press and "the Chinese language of the Beijing Foreign Studies University" by the Beijing Foreign Studies University.
1) foreign Chinese learners are more interested in emotional life, tourism and entertainment topics. For the specific topic, on all forty-one topics, the 20 topics of interest to the foreign learners are the most interested and the least interested in the sort of friendship, tourism, affection, love, healthy life, reading and reading, foreign entry and exit. Tourism and vacation, marriage, family life, social ethics and moral standards, environmental protection, conversation, accommodation, sports, music, self introduction, school study, natural science, and asking directions. 20 topics of the least interest of foreign learners from the least interested to the most interesting sort are smoking drug gambling, fashion, job hunting, and so on. Industry, television, climate, weather, entertainment, business and economy, smart money management, time and date, public service, emergency, humanities, Internet, dating parties, catering culture, shopping, animals, meeting and farewell, housing.
2) there are obvious differences in topic between American teachers and African students. On one hand, they are due to cultural differences and the other is due to age differences. After investigation, they have found that they have significant differences in nine aspects: affection, music, tourism, animal, social ethics and moral standards, the Internet, campus learning and science. Among the nine topics of the difference, the topics of interest among American learners are kinship, music, tourism, animals, and social ethics and moral standards. Among the nine topics with the most significant differences, the topics of interest for African learners are network, school school and self science.
3) in the topic of interest, in the four set of textbooks, the Chinese Course published by the Beijing Language Institute Press matches the interest of the learners most, followed by the instant Chinese of the Peking University press, the Chinese language of the Beijing Foreign Studies University and the bridge of the Beijing Institute of language.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H195

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