想象成功:模式2世界中创新型科学的修辞

发布时间：2018-06-02 06:45

  本文选题：模式科学 + 成功　； 参考：《北京大学教育评论》2016年01期

【摘要】：在被吉本斯及其同事称为模式2科学的世界,何为"成功"?本文通过对美国威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校两所研究机构参与创建或从事研究的相关人员进行访谈,考察他们如何想象所在研究机构及其科学家的"成功"。受访者的反馈可归纳为有限的几种范畴。大多数反馈在总体上证实了与模式2科学相联系的一些特征:"交叉-"、"超-"、"多-"或"跨-"学科性,合作研究,产业与学术的边界模糊或合作日益推进,以及更强调公共问责。几乎没有受访者在阐述他们对成功的理解时,提供显著的确切证据。这可能是无可避免的。我们生活在一个复杂的世界,这个世界中我们最为看重的各种目标不可能为一些简单的标准所轻易测量。正是测量投入、产出以及特征的无力,使得背景多样、目标不一的人们能够聚在一起想象成功,用着相同的术语却可能并非指向同一件事。作者最后指出模式2或者至少是最常与之相联的那些维度,在科学政策制定者、科学家等群体中已然成为一种信念——意识形态——而未必是一种经验现实。
[Abstract]:What is success in a world that Gibbons and his colleagues call mode 2 science? In this paper, by interviewing the researchers involved in the establishment or research of two research institutes at the University of Wisconsin Madison, this paper examines how they can imagine the "success" of their research institutions and their scientists. Feedback from interviewees can be summed up in a limited number of categories. Most feedback generally confirms some of the characteristics associated with mode 2 science: "cross-"," super-", "multi-" or" transdisciplinary ", collaborative research, blurring or growing collaboration between industry and academia, and greater emphasis on public accountability. Few interviewees provided clear evidence of their understanding of success. This may be inevitable. We live in a complex world in which the goals we value most cannot be easily measured by simple standards. It is the inability to measure inputs, outputs, and features that allows people with diverse backgrounds and different goals to come together to imagine success, but in the same terminology may not point to the same thing. Finally, the author points out that mode 2, or at least the dimensions most often associated with it, has become a belief-ideology-not an empirical reality in scientific policy makers, scientists and other groups.
【作者单位】： 威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校;北京大学教育学院;
【基金】：西格瑞德·彼得森(SigridPeterson)的研究资助 国家科学基金(PRJ61JS) 威斯康星校友研究基金 威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校研究与研究生教育副教务长办公室(资助来自WARF)对研究项目的支持 丹尼尔·李·克莱曼也得到韩国研究基金(NRF-2010-330-B00169)
【分类号】：G649.712
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本文编号：1967809