高校扩招与教育回报率的城乡差异——基于断点回归的设计

发布时间：2018-06-03 10:48

本文选题：高校扩招 + 教育回报率　；参考：《南方经济》2017年10期

【摘要】：文章基于中国家庭收入调查项目数据(2007年与2013年),在断点回归设计的框架下分析1999年实施的高校扩招政策对城乡居民受教育年限、收入及教育回报率的影响。结果表明:第一,高校扩招政策的实施使农村居民的平均受教育年限提高了0.59年左右,使城镇居民的平均受教育年限提高了0.85年左右。第二,在断点回归的设计下,农村居民的教育回报率大约为11%,城镇居民的教育回报率大约为8%,高于OLS的估计。虽然实证结果显示教育回报并不存在城乡间的马太效应,但并不意味者城乡间教育发展与收入差距缩小。第三,高校扩招政策一方面显著促进了城镇居民低收入群体教育回报的提升,有效抑制了城镇居民中可能出现的收入差异扩大的"马太效应"。另一方面,高校扩招政策使得农村居民高收入群体教育回报高于低收入群体,在一定程度上导致了农村居民收入差异扩大的"马太效应"。
[Abstract]:Based on the data of Chinese Household income Survey (2007 and 2013), this paper analyzes the influence of the policy of college enrollment expansion in 1999 on the years of education, income and return on education of urban and rural residents under the framework of breakpoint regression design. The results show that: first, the implementation of college enrollment expansion policy has increased the average education years of rural residents by 0.59 years, and the average education years of urban residents by 0.85 years. Secondly, under the design of breakpoint regression, the return on education of rural residents is about 11 and that of urban residents is about 8, which is higher than the estimate of OLS. Although the empirical results show that there is no Matthew effect between urban and rural areas, it does not mean that the educational development and income gap between urban and rural areas narrow. Third, on the one hand, the policy of enrollment expansion in colleges and universities has significantly promoted the educational return of low-income groups of urban residents, and effectively restrained the "Matthew effect" which may result in the widening of income gap among urban residents. On the other hand, the policy of enrollment expansion in colleges and universities makes the higher income groups in rural areas have higher educational returns than the low-income groups, which to some extent leads to the "Matthew effect" which expands the income difference of rural residents.
【作者单位】：山东财经大学经济学院;广东财经大学国民经济研究中心;
【基金】：广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目(2016A030310297) 广东省普通高校创新团队建设项目(2015WCXTD010) 广东省普通高校青年创新人才类项目(2015WQNCX043;2014WQNCX124) 广州市哲学社会科学发展“十三五”规划课题(2017GZYB26) 重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJ1401801)资助
【分类号】：G649.2

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