语言元功能视角下《醉翁亭记》十译本比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 14:39

本文关键词：语言元功能视角下《醉翁亭记》十译本比较研究　出处：《湖南工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为中国文化“走出去”战略之一,典籍英译备受重视。中国典籍常有多版英译,每个译本各有千秋并各具鉴赏价值。以往研究大多集中在比较多个译本的差异,探讨翻译的多样性,对原文多译本的共通性进行系统描述的并不多。同一原文的不同译本具有哪些共性特征?这些共性特征是什么?不同点又表现在哪里?都是由哪些因素决定的?这种差异中的共通性,及共通中的差异又该如何解释?《醉翁亭记》作为中国古典散文名篇,为历代传诵并有不少译本,其中以霍理斯和杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇的译文最为出名,且不乏其他优秀译作。本研究以《醉翁亭记》及十个译本为个案研究对象,运用描写法与比较归纳法,定量统计与定性分析相结合,从系统功能语言学关于语言三大元功能的视角,对不同译本的异同进行分析。主要从体现语义的词汇语法层来考察不同译本对原文语义的再现状况,揭示译本与原文、译本与译本之间在实现三大元功能时哪些方面保持一致,哪些方面会有不同。从概念功能所包含的经验功能中的及物性、逻辑功能中的相互依赖和逻辑语义关系;人际功能中的语气、人称系统;以及语篇功能中的主位、信息结构、衔接手段,由词汇语法层到语义层自下而上地对多译本及原文进行描述分类,分析归纳出多译本之间、以及译本与原文之间的共性及差异,并探讨原因,从语境层到语义层再到词汇语法层自上而下地进行解释。研究发现:其一,译本之间、译本与原文之间在概念意义上基本相似。在概念功能所包含的经验功能中,译本之间、译本与原文之间基本选用相似的及物性系统。译文更易于与原文选用一致的过程类型,但因英汉语言不同,有些译文会将原文过程转化为环境成分,但总体分布情况所表达的意义潜势大致相似。在概念功能所包含的逻辑功能中,译本与译本、译本与原文对事件的逻辑语义关系的表达大致相同,但在相互依赖关系上,原文并列小句会在译文中转化为更紧凑联系的主从关系句,也进一步说明英语重形合、汉语重意合的语言特征。其二,译本之间、译本与原文之间在人际意义上大体保持一致。在人际功能中,译本之间、译本与原文之间基本保持一致的语气和人称系统。以贯穿全文的陈述句来提供信息,用第三人称视角描述景物,但因叙述视角差异,有译者选用不同的语气和人称系统,这也进一步体现出描述类散文在语篇中构建人际意义的方式比较一致。其三,在语篇功能的表现上,译本与原文之间、译本与译本之间都存在差异性,但译本与原文之间的差异大于译本与译本之间的差异。译本与原文之间的差异主要是因为两种语言系统之间的差异,而语言系统间的差异主要是由两种语言文化视角不一决定的;译本与译本之间的差异主要是因为译者的视角不同引起的。从十个译本总体分析看,译本与译本之间、译本与原文之间在主位及新信息分布上大体相近,但译者因视角不同而选择的信息出发点会有所差异。译本与原文之间因英汉语言系统不同,语篇功能表现会异大于同,译文会增加原文中未出现的衔接手段,如通过照应和连接等来组织出流畅、完整、更加以符合译语读者语言习惯的译文;而译本与译本之间因语言系统相同,语篇功能表现会同大于异。接着,笔者对译本与原文之间、译本与译本之间这种异同表现的内在原因进行了尝试性阐释。在共通性上,言外情景语境中语场、语旨的一般主客观因素,影响着译本与原文、译本与译本在概念意义、人际意义上差异不大的再体现情况;译者选用与原文言内语境中相一致的文本形式,使差异较大的语篇意义也具有一定的相似性。在差异性上,言外语境中译者的心理时空体验及视角的不同,影响着其对译本与原文、译本与译本在概念意义、人际意义上的把握,并将这种不同表现在语篇意义上;言内语境中的英汉语言表达方式的不同决定着原文与译文语篇组织的差异。概况说来,在个案《醉翁亭记》原文及其十译本中,言外语境将一般共性更多地表现于概念功能与人际功能中,但因译者视角不同也存在个别差异;言内语境将特殊差异更多地表现于语篇功能上,但在总体文本形式上也存在很大相似。当语场、语旨在翻译中与原文一致与不一致时,可判断译文对错;当语场、语旨与原文保持一致,仅语式发生多元变化时,则译文无对错,只有好坏之分。此结论虽只基于本个案研究,但对其他各种翻译中的对错、好坏的判断也具有一定启示意义。在实践意义上,本研究启示译者应注重把握并照顾好言外语境中语场、语旨的一致性,同时关注和包容语式表达上的多元性,不断丰富对两种语言文化的言内、言外语境的心理时空体验,提高翻译质量把控的自觉性,尤其有利于提高对古典散文或类似文体英译的实践能力;在理论意义上,此个案研究以小见大,从言外情景语境中一般主客观的相似性这种崭新的模式,去描述、解读这类古典散文翻译多译本之间的共通性,丰富了同一原文多译本研究的视角,提高了系统功能语境观的解释力。
[Abstract]:As a China culture "going out" strategy of Chinese classics translation has received considerable attention. China books often have many English versions of each version, each one has its own merits and have their appreciation of the value of difference. The past studies focus on the comparison of multiple versions, to explore the diversity of translation, the system described the commonality of the original version is not much more different versions of the same text. What are the characteristics? What are these common characteristics? Different performance in? Is determined by what factors? The difference in common, and how to explain the difference and common in zuiwengting remember? < > as a Chinese classical prose masterpiece, is the history of people and there are many versions, which Khoury Jones and Yang Xianyi, Dai Naidie couples the most famous, and many other excellent translations. In this study, "ong Ting Ji" and the ten versions as the study object, using the description method Compared with the inductive method, quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, from the perspective of systemic functional linguistics on the three metafunctions of language, similarities and differences of different versions are analyzed. Mainly from the lexical and grammatical level reflect the semantics to examine the status of the reproduction of the original semantic translation reveals different versions, and the original text, translation and translation in between three what metafunctions consistent, which will have a different experience. The transitivity function contained in ideational function in the interdependent and logical semantic relation in logic function; interpersonal function, mood, person system; and the textual function of theme, information structure and cohesion, from vocabulary the grammatical level to the semantic level bottom-up of multiple versions and the original classification is described, analyzed and summed up between different versions, and the similarities and differences between the translation and the original text, and to explore the reasons, from The context layer to semantic layer to vocabulary grammar layer from top to bottom was explained. The study found: a translation between the translation and the original text, the concept of meaning is basically similar. Between the translation experience function contained in the concept of function, and between the translation and the original basic selection of transitivity system. The more easy to use similar consistent with the original type of process, but because of different languages, some of the original process will be transformed into environmental components, but the expression of meaning potential distribution are similar. The logical power contained in the concept of the functions, translation and translation, translation and the original expression of logical semantic relations of events roughly the same, but in the mutual dependence on the original, parallel clauses in translation will be transformed into a more compact connection of the master-slave relationship, it further illustrates that the English Hypotaxis and Chinese parataxis language. Sign. Second, between the translation and the original version, in the interpersonal meaning consistent between versions. In the interpersonal function, and between the translation and the original basic consistency of mood and person system. To provide information to the statement by the third person perspective to describe the scene, but because of differences in the narrative perspective. A translator's choice of different mood and person system, it also reflects the description of construction of interpersonal meaning in the discourse of such prose way. Third, the textual function of the performance, between the translation and the original text, there are differences between the translation and the translation, but the difference between the translation and the original text is larger than the difference between the translation and the translation. The differences between the translation and the original text is mainly because of the differences between the two language system, and differences between the language system is mainly composed of two kinds of language and culture from the perspective of a decision; and And the difference between versions is mainly because the translator's perspective caused by different. From the analysis of the ten versions of the overall, between translation and translation, translation and the original text in between the theme and the distribution of new information is similar, but the translator for different perspectives and the choice of the starting point of information will vary between English and Chinese. The English version for different language systems, the textual function will be more different than the same, the increase of cohesion does not appear in the text, such as through reference and conjunction to organize a smooth, more complete, to meet the target readers habits of language translation; translation and translation between the language for the same system, the textual function will behave more than different. Then, the author of the translation and the original, try to explain the similarities and differences between the performance of the internal causes of translation and translation. In common, language context field of discourse, the general tenor of the Lord The objective factors affect the translation and the original meaning, translation and translation in the concept of interpersonal meaning on embodiment has little difference with the original translator; selection of linguistic context in consistent text form, make the difference between the meaning of the text also has a certain similarity. On the difference, the translator in the context of foreign language the psychological space experience and perspective, affects the translation with the original meaning, translation and translation in the concept of interpersonal meaning on the grasp, and this difference in textual meaning; linguistic context in English and Chinese language expression ways of translation determines the differences of discourse organization situation. To say, in the case of "ong Ting Ji > original and its ten English versions, extra linguistic context will show more common on ideational function and interpersonal functions, but there are also individual differences in different perspective of translation; linguistic context specific differences More performance in the textual function, but in the overall text form are very similar. When the field of discourse, language translation and the original text is consistent and inconsistent, can judge for the wrong; when the field, tenor and the consistent multiple changes only when the language is. No right or wrong, only bad points. This conclusion is based on the case study, but on the other various translation right, judge also has certain enlightenment significance. In practice, this research translator should pay attention to grasp and take good care of words in the context of external field, tenor consistency at the same time, attention and inclusive language expression on diversity, and constantly enrich the two languages culture linguistic context, illocutionary psychological space experience, improve the quality of translation to consciously control, especially conducive to improving the practice of classical prose or similar stylistic translation ability in theory; On this case study to describe the similarity of the child is father of the man, from this new model, the general objective and subjective language context, interpretation of the classical prose translation similarities between multiple versions, the original version of the same rich multi perspective, improve the explanatory power of system function context view.

【学位授予单位】：湖南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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