基于语料库的英语物质过程非标性时态研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 02:23

本文选题：物质过程　切入点：非标记性时态　出处：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为系统功能语言学的创始人和集大成者,Halliday为系统功能语言学乃至整个语言学的发展作出了巨大贡献。但不可否认,任何一种语言学理论都是有缺陷的,正因如此,才有后期对理论不同角度的完善。之前研究者从不同理论角度对Halliday的及物性物质过程非标记性时态问题的假设提出了质疑并作了验证。系统功能语言学又认为理论的正确性和阐释力必须在真实的语言使用中去检验,因此本文基于现实语料,从系统内部动词类别和系统外部语篇语境角度去考察物质过程非标记性时态问题。本文采用定量研究和定性研究相结合的研究方法。首先将根据语篇分类相关方法收集各类型语篇文本作为语料,并对各类型文本中的物质小句进行标注统计,使每种类型语篇中的物质小句各达到1000条,共计5000条建成小型语料库;再依据Vendler动词理论对语料库中的物质小句进行分类赋码标注;然后利用语料库检索工具AntConc和数据处理工具Excel获取、处理数据;最后对统计的各项数据结果进行分析讨论,并对突出的数据结合实例进行解释并得出结论。研究发现,由于动词本身类别差异并且受语篇类型的影响,物质过程非标记性时态非但不是Halliday所说的现在进行时,而且还不能一概而论。并且物质过程非标记性时态也不是一个非黑即白,非此即彼的问题,而是一个连续统问题。各个类别动词的物质过程和各种类型语篇中的物质过程的非标记性时态连续统各有差异。在动词类别方面,活动动词的物质过程非标记性时态是由以一般现在时和一般过去时为非标记性时态一端,以将来完成时为标记性时态一端及中间过渡性地带的其他时态而构成的连续统;目标动词、成就动词和状态动词的物质过程非标记性时态连续统相似,都是由以一般过去时和一般现在时为非标记性时态一端,以进行时为标记性时态一端及中间地带的其他时态而构成。在语篇类型层面,记叙文中的物质过程非标记性时态是以一般现在时为非标记性时态一端,将来时为标记性时态一段及中间地带其他时态而构成的连续统;描写文和报道文中的物质过程非标记性时态连续统以一般现在时和一般过去时为非标记性时态一端,将来完成时为标记性时态一端及中间过渡性地带的其他时态而构成;说明文和议论文的非标记性时态连续统以一般现在时为非标记性时态一端,以将来进行时和完成进行时为标记性时态一端及中间过渡性地带的其他时态而构成。本研究在语料库和Halliday物质过程理论基础上对影响物质过程非标记性时态的因素做了深入剖析,提出更全面有效的判断物质过程非标记性时态标准。这对Halliday的物质过程非标记性时态观点进行了有益验证和补充,同时也证明了基于语料库的研究方法对语言学理论的验证、完善具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:As the founder and aggregator of systemic functional linguistics, Halliday has made great contributions to the development of systemic functional linguistics and even linguistics as a whole. Previous researchers have questioned and verified the hypothesis of the non-markedness tense of Halliday and the process of physical matter from different theoretical angles. The systemic functional Linguistics also thinks that the theory is reasonable. The correctness and interpretation of the theory must be tested in the use of real language. Therefore, this paper is based on realistic corpus. The unmarked tense of material process is investigated from the perspective of the category of verbs in the system and the context of the discourse outside the system. This paper adopts the method of combining quantitative and qualitative studies. Firstly, the relevant parties are classified according to the text classification. It collects all kinds of textual texts as corpus. The material clauses in each type of text are annotated and statistics are made to make the material clauses in each type of text reach 1000 each, with a total of 5000 small corpuscles. Then according to the Vendler verb theory, the material clauses in the corpus are classified and coded, and then the corpus retrieval tool AntConc and the data processing tool Excel are used to obtain and process the data. Finally, the statistical data results are analyzed and discussed. The study shows that the unmarked tense of material process is not only Halliday's present continuous tense, but also is influenced by the type of discourse, because of the difference of the verb itself and the influence of the text type. And we can't generalize. And the non-markative tense of the material process is not a black or white, or a matter of either, It is a continuum problem. There are differences in the material process of each kind of verb and the unmarked tense continuum of the material process in various types of discourse. The unmarked tense of the material process of the active verb is a continuum composed of the general present tense and the general past tense as the unmarked tense end, the future perfect tense as the marked tense end and other tenses in the intermediate transitional zone. Objective verbs, achievement verbs and state verbs are similar to each other in the unmarked tenses of the material process, all of which are from the general past tense and the general present tense to the unmarked tense. At the discourse type level, the unmarked tense of the material process in the narrative is at the end of the general present tense. A continuum consisting of a segment of the marked tense and other tenses in the middle zone; the unmarked tense continuum of material processes in descriptive and reporting texts is at the end of the general present tense and the general past tense. The future perfect tense is formed by one end of the marked tense and other tenses of the intermediate transitional zone; the unmarked tense continuum of the discourse and argumentation is the unmarked tense end of the general present tense. The present study is based on the corpus and the Halliday material process theory, which is based on the corpus and Halliday material process theory, to the causes of the unmarked tenses of the material process on the basis of the future progressive tense and the complete progressive tense as one end of the markative tense and other tenses in the intermediate transition zone. She made a thorough analysis. A more comprehensive and effective criterion for judging the unmarked tenses of material processes is proposed, which is useful for the verification and supplement of Halliday's viewpoint of non-marked tenses of material processes, and also proves the verification of linguistic theories by corpus-based research methods. Perfection is of great significance.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H314.3

【相似文献】