概念隐喻和概念转喻视域下的汉英法委婉语研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 11:15

本文选题：委婉语　切入点：概念隐喻　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：委婉语作为一种常见的语言现象和语言手段已经得到了学者们多方面的观察和研究,但研究的重点多放在语义学、语用学、社会语言学、修辞学等角度。随着认知语言学的兴起和发展,其中一些理论也被用来研究和阐释委婉语。由于在认知语言学中,隐喻和转喻不再仅仅被看作是普通的修辞手段而是人们思维的方式,因此我们有理由从概念隐喻和概念转喻的角度来分析和阐释委婉语的认知机制。本文以汉英法三种语言中典型的委婉语实例为研究对象,通过定性分析和对比分析的方法,运用概念隐喻和概念转喻理论对汉英法委婉语进行认知研究。研究主要发现,概念隐喻和概念转喻都是汉英法委婉语的认知机制,二者都具有突显积极方面意义和隐藏消极方面意义的功能,都可以为英汉法委婉语的意义建构和理解给出合理的、令人满意的解释。汉英法委婉语的认知基础都是存在于人们概念系统中的源域和目标域之间的相似性联想与邻近性或关联性联想。对典型委婉语进行分析的结果显示:我们绝不能单纯从概念隐喻或概念转喻一个方面全面地阐述委婉语的认知机制,而是需要将两者结合起来才能得到比较充分的解释和理解。通过分析比较,研究还同时发现由于人类的认知方式具有基于相同客观世界及相同身体体验的共性,汉英法委婉语有着很多相类似的认知理据。当然,汉英法委婉语也表现出一定的差异性,这种差异性则来自于不同民族的文化背景和思维方式对认知产生的影响。本文是在认知语言学理论基础上对汉英法委婉语进行的认知机制的研究,该研究有助于人们掌握概念隐喻和概念转喻理论之下委婉语的意义建构,并促进人们深入了解汉英法委婉语背后的思维方式和认知机制。
[Abstract]:As a common linguistic phenomenon and linguistic means, euphemism has been observed and studied by scholars from many aspects, but the research focuses on semantics, pragmatics and sociolinguistics. With the rise and development of cognitive linguistics, some of these theories have also been used to study and interpret euphemisms. Metaphor and metonymy are no longer seen as mere rhetorical devices, but rather as the way people think. Therefore, it is reasonable to analyze and explain the cognitive mechanism of euphemism from the perspective of conceptual metaphor and conceptual metonymy. Using conceptual metaphor and conceptual metonymy theory, this paper makes a cognitive study of Chinese and English French euphemisms. The main findings of the study are that conceptual metaphor and conceptual metonymy are the cognitive mechanisms of Chinese and English French euphemisms. Both of them have the functions of highlighting the positive meaning and hiding the negative aspect meaning, both of which can give a reasonable meaning construction and understanding of the English and Chinese euphemism. The cognitive basis of euphemism in Chinese and English is the similarity association between source domain and target domain which exists in people's conceptual system. The result of analysis of typical euphemism. It shows that we must not fully explain the cognitive mechanism of euphemism in terms of conceptual metaphor or conceptual metonymy. It is necessary to combine the two in order to be fully explained and understood. Through the analysis and comparison, the study also found that human cognitive style has the commonness based on the same objective world and the same body experience. Chinese and English euphemisms have many similar cognitive motivations. Of course, Chinese and English euphemisms also show some differences. This difference comes from the influence of the cultural background and the way of thinking of different nationalities on cognition. This paper studies the cognitive mechanism of euphemism in Chinese, English and French on the basis of cognitive linguistics. This study is helpful for people to grasp the meaning construction of euphemism under conceptual metaphor and conceptual metonymy theory and promote people to understand the thinking mode and cognitive mechanism behind English and Chinese euphemism.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H136;H313

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