基于语料库的《芒果街上的小屋》中that一词的翻译共性研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 10:16

本文选题：翻译共性 + 语料库翻译学　；参考：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文是以建立语料库,结合语用学为手段对that一词在《芒果街上的小屋》一书中的翻译进行的一项研究,属于语用学与翻译之间的跨学科研究。语用学研究具体语境下语言的使用。翻译则是以源语为研究主体,目标语为研究对象,关注两种语言之间意义和文化信息转换的学科。语用学不仅帮助译者理解源语中that一词的语用用法,还为翻译研究提供了新的研究视角。翻译活动既是语言之间交际的过程,又是跨文化性的实践。语言的这种共通性促成了这两种学科之间的融合与研究。根据朗文当代高级英语辞典(英汉双解)对that一词的定义可看出,that有代词,连接词与副词三大词性。代词词性在语用学中被理解为某一用词的指示性,包括指示,非指示,手势及象征四大指示功能,在本篇论文中被用为时间指示代词,地点指示代词,人称指示代词及语篇指示代词四种用法。指示词作为指示空间距离、时间距离、语篇距离的词语,能够起到引入、保持或改变某一时间、空间、人物要素的作用,从而将文本信息与语境紧密结合,同时它还暗示着说话者的态度。许多学者对指示词进行了大量的语用学研究,但这些研究几乎都未涉及到指示词的翻译。并且,国内学者在英语指示词上的研究相对不足,对指示词的翻译研究也相对滞后。本文中就that一词在小说中的具体指示功能及用法展开了详细的分析,并结合AntConc软件建立的单语语料库对that在书中出现的总频数及每一词性的使用频次进行了统计分析,得出书中共出现200频次的that,其中指示代词that共出现133次,占整体比重的66.5%;标句词that出现了64次,占整体比重的32%;程度副词that仅出现了2次,占整体比重的1%。其中,指示代词that按照语用学的角度分析,that的指示功能使用率占29.5%,象征功能使用率占17%,非指示功能使用率占9%,手势功能占6%。从指示代词分类来看,话语指示代词占43.5%,时间指示代词占10.5%,人称指示代词占6.5%。基于这一发现,作者结合语料库翻译学理论,对汉译文本中that的中文翻译进行了翻译共性的分析,从得出的数据来看,书中共有94处that的指示代词应用,译者均对其做了不同类型及程度的显化,占整个that用法的47%;从功能语法的角度阐释,关系词that也被称为标句词,译者在翻译活动中对其进行了隐化的翻译处理,占整体数量的42.5%;对于程度副词that的翻译,译者采取了强化弱化的处理,仅占整理数量的1%。针对译文中that一词的翻译,总结如下:标句词that在表示连接上下文、表达直观感情、陈述客观事实、引导下文解释时通常忽略不译;指示代词that在指代具体时间,地点,人物及语篇话题时,译文中会将文段中所涉及到的具体时间,地点,人物及语篇翻译出来;程度副词that出现在两个语篇中,译者通过语气强化的翻译手段体现出了原文中隐含的语气。
[Abstract]:This paper is a study of the translation of the word that in Mango Street Cabin by means of a corpus and pragmatics, which is an interdisciplinary study between pragmatics and translation.Pragmatics studies the use of language in specific contexts.Translation is a subject that takes the source language as the subject and the target language as the object of study, focusing on the meaning and cultural information conversion between the two languages.Pragmatics not only helps the translator to understand the pragmatic usage of that in the source language, but also provides a new perspective for translation studies.Translation is not only a process of interlingual communication, but also a cross-cultural practice.This commonality of language facilitates the fusion and study of the two disciplines.According to the definition of the word "that" in Longman's Contemporary Advanced English Dictionary, it can be seen that there are three parts of speech: pronoun, conjunction and adverb.In pragmatics, pronoun part-of-speech is understood as the indicative function of a certain word, including deixis, non-deixis, gesture and symbolism, which is used in this thesis as a temporal demonstrative pronoun and a place demonstrative pronoun.Personal demonstrative pronouns and discourse demonstrative pronouns are used in four ways.The deixis, as the words of space distance, time distance and text distance, can introduce, maintain or change the elements of a certain time, space and character, so that the text information is closely combined with the context.It also implies the speaker's attitude.Many scholars have done a lot of pragmatic studies on deixis, but almost none of these studies have involved the translation of deixis.Moreover, domestic scholars' research on English deixis is relatively insufficient, and the translation of deixis is lagging behind.This paper makes a detailed analysis of the specific demonstrative function and usage of the word that in the novel, and makes a statistical analysis of the total frequency of that appearing in the book and the frequency of use of each part of speech with the help of the monolingual corpus established by AntConc software.It is concluded that there are 200 times of that in the book, in which the demonstrative pronoun that appears 133 times, accounting for 66.5 times of the whole proportion; the that of the marker appears 64 times, accounting for 32 times of the whole proportion; the degree adverb that appears only 2 times, accounting for 1% of the whole proportion.According to pragmatics, the deictic pronoun that accounts for 29.5Use of deixis, 17.7 of symbolism, 9of non-deixis and 6of gesture.According to the classification of demonstrative pronouns, the proportion of discourse demonstrative pronouns is 43.5, time demonstrative pronouns 10.5, personal deixis pronouns 6.5.Based on this discovery, the author analyzes the translation generality of that in Chinese translation based on corpus translation theory. According to the data obtained, there are 94 that demonstrative pronouns in the book.Translators have made different types and degrees of explicit use of that, accounting for 47% of the whole usage of that. From the perspective of functional grammar, the relative word that is also called the target word, which is implicitly translated by the translator in translation activities.For the translation of degree adverb that, the translator takes the treatment of strengthening and weakening, which only accounts for 1 / 10 of the total amount of degree adverb that.The translation of the word that in the translation is summarized as follows: the tag word that is used to express the connection context, express the intuitive feelings, state the objective facts, and usually ignore the untranslated when guiding the interpretation below; the demonstrative pronoun that refers to the specific time and place.The specific time, place, character and text involved in the passage are translated in the target text, and the degree adverb that appears in the two texts.The translator embodies the implied tone of the original text by means of tone-intensive translation.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9

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