基于图式理论的高中英语教材阅读部分设计的分析研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 02:57

本文选题：图式理论 + 英语教材评价　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：教材作为传授知识的重要媒介,已成为教师教学活动和学生获得知识、技能和策略必不可少的一部分。随着新课程改革的深入与发展,市场上涌现了各种各样的教材。面对多样化的教材选择,教材分析就显得尤为重要。英语教材是学生学习语言知识和提升语言技能的重要工具。提升学生的阅读技能一直是高中英语教学的核心内容。合适的阅读材料和精心设计的阅读练习是学生提高阅读技能的必要条件,因此英语教材编写时应该更加重视阅读材料和活动的设计。图式理论已被广泛应用于外语教学的诸多方面,却极少用于英语教材评估。笔者选取了山东省广泛使用的两套教材,人民教育出版社出版《新高中英语》和外语教育与研究出版社出版的《新标准英语》。本文基于图式理论对两套教材的阅读部分的设计进行了深入的分析。本文首先对图式理论的概念,相关研究以及与阅读的关系进行了概述。紧接着阐述了本文的理论依据。然后本文出了三个研究问题:1)两套教材的读前活动能否激活学生的相关图式?如果是,是以何种方式?2)两套教材阅读部分的文章选材是否遵循图式理论并有利于丰富学生的相关图式?3)两套教材阅读习题的设置能否帮助学生提高阅读技能和强化相关图式?本文利用调查问卷和可读性分析软件对两套教材阅读部分的读前活动、阅读材料和课后习题进行分析。通过分析得出如下结论:两套教材的导读活动均能激活学生的相关图式。人教版教材的导读活动形式较为单一,以讨论为主,通过讨论与文章相关的话题,激活学生的内容图式。而外研社版教材的读前活动形式多样,以词汇练习和与文章话题相关的练习为主,以此激活学生的语言和内容图式。阅读材料的选择方面,人教版文章话题丰富能够激起学生的兴趣并丰富内容图式,符合图式理论。外研社版教材文章话题多于学生的日常生活相关,体裁以记叙文为主,符合图式理论并能够丰富学生的图式。阅读习题方面,人教版题量适当,习题多与文章理解有关,利于学生增强阅读技能和强化学生的内容图式。外研社版习题形式多样,习题多与语言知识和文章理解有关,在一定程度上增强了学生的语言图式和内容图式。笔者在所得研究结果的基础上提出了教材阅读部分设计的建议,指出了本研究的局限性,并对未来研究提供了参考建议。本研究为教材分析提供了新的研究视角并丰富了教材分析的方法。本研究结果为行政部门和教材编写部门提供参考建议,并且有利于教师加深对教材的认识,灵活处理教材以便帮助学生更好的学习。
[Abstract]:As an important medium to impart knowledge, teaching materials have become an indispensable part of teachers' teaching activities and students' acquisition of knowledge, skills and strategies. With the deepening and development of the new curriculum reform, a variety of textbooks have emerged in the market. In the face of a variety of textbook choices, textbook analysis is particularly important. English textbook is an important tool for students to learn language knowledge and improve their language skills. Improving students' reading skills has always been the core content of English teaching in senior high schools. Proper reading materials and carefully designed reading exercises are the necessary conditions for students to improve their reading skills. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the design of reading materials and activities in the compilation of English textbooks. Schema theory has been widely used in many aspects of foreign language teaching, but rarely used in the evaluation of English teaching materials. The author chooses two sets of textbooks which are widely used in Shandong Province, the New High School English published by the people's Education Publishing House and the New Standard English published by the Foreign language Education and Research Publishing House. Based on schema theory, this paper analyzes the design of reading part of two sets of textbooks. In this paper, the concept of schema theory, related research and the relationship with reading are summarized. Then the theoretical basis of this paper is expounded. Then this paper gives three research questions: 1) can the pre-reading activities of the two sets of textbooks activate the students' related schemas? If so, in what way (2) does the selection of articles in the reading part of the two sets of textbooks follow the schema theory and help enrich the students' related schemata? can the setting of the reading exercises of the two sets of textbooks help students improve their reading skills and strengthen the related schemata? This paper uses questionnaire and readability analysis software to analyze the pre-reading activities, reading materials and after-class exercises of the two sets of textbooks. The conclusions are as follows: the reading guide of both sets of textbooks can activate the students'schemas. The reading guide of the teaching material is simple, mainly with discussion, which activates the students' content schema by discussing the topics related to the article. However, the pre-reading activities of the Foreign Research Institute textbook are varied, mainly in vocabulary exercises and exercises related to the topic of the article, so as to activate the students' language and content schemata. In the selection of reading materials, the rich topics in the articles can arouse students' interest and enrich the content schemata, which accord with schema theory. The topic of the textbook is more than the daily life of the students. The genre is mainly narrative, which accords with schema theory and enriches students' schemata. In reading exercises, the amount of questions in the edition is appropriate, and the exercises are mostly related to the comprehension of the article, which is helpful for the students to enhance their reading skills and enhance their content schemata. There are various forms of exercises in Foreign Research Society, and the exercises are related to language knowledge and understanding of articles, which to some extent enhance the students' language schemata and content schemata. Based on the results of the study, the author puts forward some suggestions for the design of reading materials, points out the limitations of this study, and provides some suggestions for future research. This study provides a new perspective for textbook analysis and enriches the methods of textbook analysis. The results of this study provide references and suggestions for administrative departments and textbook compiling departments, and are helpful for teachers to deepen their understanding of textbooks and to deal with teaching materials flexibly in order to help students learn better.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.41

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