从语境关系顺应视角探究美剧《老友记》的字幕翻译

发布时间：2018-05-18 03:08

本文选题：字幕翻译 + 顺应论　；参考：《西华大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着世界影视事业的蓬勃发展和我国对外文化交流的不断深入,中国与英美国家之间优秀影视作品的交流日益增多。影视作品的引入使中国观众加深了对西方国家文化、习俗、生活方式等方面的了解;因此,影视作品的字幕翻译受到了国内外学术界的关注和重视。有学者认为“好”的字幕不能拯救一部很烂的电影,但是“不到位”的字幕却可以毁掉一部好电影,由此可见字幕翻译的重要性。《老友记》作为美剧发展史上的一部经典之作而风靡全球。在中国,该部美剧也同样受到了广大英语爱好者的青睐,被其列入英语学习的“必看清单”。但网络上现有的字幕翻译版本多是由自由译者或美剧的兴趣爱好者完成的,通过筛查,笔者发现多处译文都存在着乱译、错译等现象。翻译是将一种语言转换成另一种语言的过程,字幕翻译作为一种特殊的翻译形式,不仅仅只是两种不同语言的简单转换,面对众多选择的可能性,译者需要根据具体语境做出恰当的语言选择,从而忠实地传达原文欲传递的信息,而这一过程正是顺应论的核心概念。本文旨在以顺应论为指导,从语境关系顺应这一研究视角出发,结合语境中影响语言选择的各个因素,具体分析“搜狐视频版”《老友记》中的字幕翻译,并相应地对不妥之处加以修正和完善。与此同时,本文还将深入探析语境关系顺应中各语境因素对字幕翻译的影响,进一步论证译者在选择语言时实现交际语境和语言语境的双重顺应对译文质量提高的重要性,为字幕翻译领域的研究拓展新的视角。Verschueren认为语言的使用过程是一个不断进行选择的过程,这种选择是为了实现某种交际目的,在不同的意识程度下进行的。语言使用者之所以能够做出各类选择主要是因为语言变异性、商讨性和顺应性的特性。顺应论对翻译过程的顺应性描述和解释是从四个角度展开的,分别为语境关系顺应、结构客体顺应、顺应的动态性和顺应过程的意识突显。本文将主要从语境关系顺应这一研究视角出发,分析交际语境及语言语境对译者语言选择的影响。本文由以下五个部分构成:第一部分为引言部分,主要介绍本文的研究背景、研究目的和意义以及研究方法,并对论文的结构做以简单综述。第二部分为文献综述,具体介绍关于字幕翻译的国内外研究现状和顺应论的相关文献研究及该理论在翻译领域的应用,并分类总结关于《老友记》字幕翻译研究的学术成果,指出本文所做研究的必要性和意义。第三部分是本文的理论部分,首先简单介绍影视字幕的特点及其翻译的基本原则,然后对顺应论的相关概念进行概述性总结,其中重点论述顺应论语境关系顺应研究视角中的各个影响因素,分析这些因素对字幕翻译过程中语言选择的影响,并对顺应过程动态性的特征加以描述。最后,又具体分析字幕翻译与顺应论的关系以及将其应用于字幕翻译的适用性。第四部分是论文的主体部分,通过引用美剧《老友记》中的大量实例,本文从交际语境和语言语境两个方面,结合影视字幕的特点和基本翻译原则对剧中字幕的翻译进行深入细致地分析,并指出现有译文的不足之处,通过分析来探索并建议更为恰当的翻译版本。其中,交际语境包括心理世界、社交世界和物理世界,而语言语境则包括语境衔接、互文性及话语语序。第五部分为本文的结论,本文通过对经典美剧《老友记》中较具有代表性的字幕翻译的研究,证明了顺应论可以为字幕翻译研究提供一个全新的视角,同时也对字幕翻译有很重要的指导作用,有利于帮助字幕译者更好地理解字幕翻译的本质,选取恰当的翻译策略和方法,提高字幕译文的质量。笔者在最后指出了本文的局限性,并对未来有关顺应论指导下字幕翻译领域的研究提出些许建议。
[Abstract]:With the flourishing development of the world film and television industry and the deepening of our foreign cultural exchange, the exchange of excellent film and television works between China and the UK and the United States is increasing. The introduction of film and television has deepened the understanding of the culture, customs and lifestyle of the western countries; therefore, the subtitle translation of the film and television works has been affected. Scholars at home and abroad pay attention and attention. Some scholars believe that "good" subtitles can not save a bad film, but the "not in place" subtitles can destroy a good film, thus the importance of subtitle translation. < Friends > as a classics of the history of the American opera is popular all over the world. In China, the American opera is also It is also favored by many English lovers and is included in the "required list" of English learning. However, most of the existing subtitles translation versions on the Internet are accomplished by free translators or interested fans of the American opera. Through screening, the author finds that there are many translations, such as random translation and misinterpretation. Translation is the conversion of one language into another. As a special form of translation, subtitle translation is not only a simple translation of two different languages. In the face of the possibility of many choices, the translator needs to make the appropriate language selection according to the specific context, thus faithfully conveying the information that the original wants to transmit, and this process is the core concept of the adaptation theory. The purpose of this paper is to follow the adaptation theory as the guidance, from the perspective of contextual adaptation, and to analyze the subtitle translation in the "Sohu video" < Friends > by combining the various factors that affect the choice of language in the context of context. The influence of context factors on subtitle translation, and further demonstrate the importance of the translator's communicative context and linguistic context to improve the quality of the translation, and to develop a new perspective for the study of subtitle translation..Verschueren believes that the process of language use is a continuous selection process, and this choice is a choice. The reason why the language users can make various choices is mainly due to the characteristics of linguistic variability, negotiability and compliance. The adaptation theory has four perspectives on adaptation, which are contextual relationships and structural guests. The following five parts are made up of the following five parts: the first part is the introduction, which mainly introduces the background of the study, the purpose and the meaning of the study. The second part is a summary of the structure of the paper. The second part is the literature review, which specifically introduces the research status of subtitle translation at home and abroad and the related literature research on the adaptation theory and the application of the theory in the field of translation, and classifies the academic achievements on the study of "Friends > screen translation", and points out that this article is done The third part is the theoretical part of this paper. First, it briefly introduces the characteristics of film and television subtitles and the basic principles of translation, and then summarizes the related concepts of adaptation theory, which focuses on the various factors that conform to the perspective of the adaptation theory of context and analyzes these factors for the caption. The fourth part is the main part of the thesis. The fourth part is the main part of the thesis. By citing a large number of examples in the American opera "Friends", this article from the communicative context and language In the two aspects of context, the translation of the subtitles in the play is analyzed in detail in the light of the characteristics of film and television subtitles and the basic translation principles, and the shortcomings of the translation are pointed out. Through the analysis, the translation versions are explored and suggested more appropriately. It includes contextual cohesion, intertextuality and discourse order. The fifth part is the conclusion of this article. Through the study of the representative subtitle translation of the classic American drama < Friends >, this paper proves that the adaptation theory can provide a new perspective for subtitle translation studies, and also has a very important guiding role in the translation of the word screen, and is helpful to help. Subtitling translators can better understand the nature of subtitle translation, select appropriate translation strategies and methods to improve the quality of subtitle translation. At the end, the author points out the limitations of this paper and puts forward some suggestions on the future research on subtitle translation.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9

【参考文献】