英语主语指向副词的翻译研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 17:43

本文选题：主语指向副词 + 施事指向副词　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：英语主语指向副词在英汉翻译中存在误译、省译、用词不当等问题。这类词因自身的特殊性受到较多关注,现有多数研究聚焦于主语指向副词的句法位置变换对整个句子语义产生的影响,因为这类词还可用作方式副词,句法位置转换会造成两类副词之间的转换,容易造成语义理解上的模糊性和歧义现象。然而很少有研究关注这类词的翻译问题,而本文认为翻译好坏更能体现对这类词语义信息的把握程度,将语义理解透彻,译文处理起来会更灵活。同样,当下对汉语中主语指向副词的研究也不多见,有文献认为汉语中主语指向副词是阙如的。因此本文认为对此展开研究确有必要。本文基于语料,试图从翻译角度开展研究,运用事件语义学理论对主语指向副词包含的丰富语义信息作出清晰解释,并总结出英语主语指向副词在汉语中的译文实现形式,探讨一些规律,以期对英译汉提供参考;反观汉译英现象,亦有所获。本文以英语主语指向副词为关键词,选取语料时首先剔除了其作为方式副词的例句。本文选用Ernst对英语主语指向副词的分类,即施事指向副词、状态类心理态度副词和意图类心理态度副词。每类副词各有特点,辅以事件语义学中的逻辑表达式,足以将主语指向副词包含的丰富语义信息表述清晰。观察语料,发现如下:(1)汉语的实现形式主要有词、小句和省略三类,这体现了英汉翻译的两种趋势,即译成词和小句。其中词的形式又包括副词、动词、形容词、四言短语和口语化较强的词汇表达形式。(2)上述三类副词都有省译现象,大部分省译是有问题的,但有的省译从上下文语境或者文体风格来看是合理的。(3)施事指向副词的译文处理最灵活,比其他两类的译文多了形容词和动词形式;状态类心理态度副词译成小句的情况有问题。(4)英汉翻译的译文表达是灵活的,只要是译出事件中包含的语义指向性,译文的形式并不固定。(5)对问题译文可以进行改译,好的译文或可被认为是汉语主语指向副词及表达。回看汉译英现象,也有所发现:(1)汉语源语中的小句形式可直接译为副词,简洁地道。(2)并非都可译作副词,受句式结构、主语一致性及语境的影响,有的只能译作特定句式。因此,本文建议在汉译英时可以考虑恰当使用英语主语指向副词。
[Abstract]:There are some problems in English subject-pointing adverbs in English-Chinese translation, such as mistranslation, saving translation, improper use of words, and so on. Most studies have focused on the influence of the syntactic position transformation of the subject pointing adverbs on the semantic meaning of the whole sentence, because they can also be used as the adverbs of the way. The transformation of syntactic position will result in the conversion between two kinds of adverbs, which will easily lead to ambiguity and ambiguity in semantic understanding. However, few studies have paid attention to the translation of such words. However, this paper argues that translation is a better way to understand the meaning of such words, and to understand the meaning thoroughly, so that the translation will be more flexible. In the same way, there are few researches on the subject pointing adverbs in Chinese, and some literatures think that the subject-pointing adverbs in Chinese are absent. Therefore, this paper believes that it is necessary to carry out research on this issue. Based on the corpus, this paper attempts to make a clear explanation of the rich semantic information contained in the subject-directed adverb by using the theory of event semantics, and summarizes the realization of the subject-directed adverb in Chinese translation. This paper probes into some laws in order to provide reference for English-Chinese translation, and also finds some achievements in Chinese-English translation. In this paper, the English subject-pointing adverb is used as the key word, and the sample sentence of the adverb as the mode adverb is first removed when selecting the corpus. This paper uses Ernst to classify English subject-pointing adverbs, that is, agents pointing to adverbs, mental attitude adverbs of state and mental attitude adverbs of intention. Each kind of adverbs has its own characteristics, supplemented by logical expressions in event semantics, which can clearly express the rich semantic information contained in the adverbs. By observing the corpus, we find that the realization forms of Chinese are as follows: word, clause and ellipsis, which reflect the two trends of English and Chinese translation, that is, the translation of words and clauses. The forms of the words include adverbs, verbs, adjectives, four-character phrases and colloquial expressions. However, some translations are reasonable in terms of context or stylistic style) the translation of the adjunct to adverbs is the most flexible, and there are more adjectives and verbs than the other two. The translation of state type mental attitude adverbs into clauses is problematic. 4) the expression of the translation is flexible. As long as it is the semantic directivity contained in the event, the form of the translation is not fixed. 5) the translation of the question can be changed. A good translation may be considered as a Chinese subject pointing to adverbs and expressions. Looking back at the Chinese-English translation, it is also found that the clause forms in Chinese source language can be directly translated into adverbs, and not all of them can be translated as adverbs. Some of them can only be translated into specific sentence patterns under the influence of sentence structure, subject consistency and context. Therefore, it is suggested that appropriate use of English subject pointing adverbs should be considered in Chinese-English translation.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9

【参考文献】