生命度及认知视角下的隐喻性无灵主语句研究
发布时间：2018-08-18 19:28
【摘要】：英语无灵主语句是一种常见的语言现象。自钱歌川先生首次提出"无生物主语"后,英语无灵主语句得到了国内学者的广泛关注。相关学者从英汉对比与翻译、修辞手段、隐喻理论等几个角度对这一语言现象进行了分析。英语对比与翻译及修辞手段这两个层面依赖于文本,更多的侧重于现象本身,缺乏对英语无灵主语句本质及生成机制的探究。因此,本文运用生命度及概念隐喻和概念转喻的相关理论探讨英语无灵主语句的工作机制。本文所讨论的英语无灵主语句是指无生命名词做主语,以表达有生命实体(人)的动作或行为或心理过程的动词做谓语的句子。生命度对英语无灵主语句的理解至关重要。生命度不仅在表征客观存在且充当句子主语的名词上有所体现,还反映在句子的谓语动词中。此外,生命度不仅仅是一个静态等级概念,还是一个动态变化的过程。生命度等级靠前的有生命体(人)通过转喻及隐喻将自身的行为动作折射到无生命实体或抽象概念上,使其具有了人的动作状态,从而引起无生命主语生命度等级的提高。隐喻是一个概念域向另外一个概念域映射的结果。部分英语无灵主语句是在这样的运行机制下产生的:目标域通常为无灵主语词所表征的内容,如抽象概念、心理感觉、事物、时间地点等;而源始域表示有生命的实体。有生命实体的属性被系统映射到无灵主语表征的无生命实体上,使其具有生命性及施事行特性。概念转喻则是基于与源概念之间的邻近关系,而非相似关系。转喻是一个认知过程,在这一过程中,一个概念实体或载体为同一理想认知模型内的另一概念实体或目标提供心理可及。在这一过程中,一些突显的部分用来代替整个实体或其他部分。一些无灵主语句则是通过理想认知模式在转喻运作机制而产生的。一些表征高度凸显的身体部位、时间地点、具体特征或部分的无灵主语词来替代整个实体或其他部分。
[Abstract]:English inanimate subject sentence is a common language phenomenon. Since Qian Ge-chuan first put forward "Abiologic subject", English apocalyptic subject has received extensive attention from domestic scholars. Some scholars analyze this phenomenon from the perspectives of English and Chinese contrastive translation, rhetorical devices and metaphor theory. English contrastive translation and rhetorical devices depend on the text more on the phenomenon itself and lack of research on the nature and generating mechanism of English apocalyptic sentences. Therefore, this paper explores the working mechanism of English apocalyptic sentences by using the relevant theories of life degree, conceptual metaphor and conceptual metonymy. The inanimate subject sentence in this paper refers to a sentence in which an inanimate noun acts as a subject and a verb expressing the action or behavior or psychological process of a living entity (person) is used as a predicate. The degree of life is of great importance to the understanding of English inanimate subjects. The degree of life is reflected not only in the nouns that represent the objective existence and serve as the subject of the sentence, but also in the predicate verbs of the sentence. In addition, the degree of life is not only a static level concept, but also a dynamic process. Through metonymy and metaphor, the living body (person) in the front of the life degree grade refracts its action to the inanimate entity or abstract concept, which makes it have the human action state, thus causing the improvement of the life degree level of the inanimate subject. Metaphor is the result of mapping one conceptual domain to another. Part of the English inanimate subject is produced under such a mechanism: the target field is usually the content represented by the apocalyptic word, such as abstract concept, psychological feeling, things, time and place, and the source domain denotes the living entity. The attributes of living entities are systematically mapped to the inanimate entities represented by the inanimate subject, making them have the characteristics of life and agency. Conceptual metonymy is based on proximity, not similarity, to the source concept. Metonymy is a cognitive process in which a conceptual entity or carrier provides psychological access to another conceptual entity or goal in the same ideal cognitive model. In this process, some salient parts are used to replace the whole entity or others. Some apocalyptic sentences are generated by ideal cognitive mode in metonymy. Some apocalyptic words representing highly prominent body parts, time and place, specific features or parts of the body replace the whole entity or other parts.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H314.3
本文编号：2190449
[Abstract]:English inanimate subject sentence is a common language phenomenon. Since Qian Ge-chuan first put forward "Abiologic subject", English apocalyptic subject has received extensive attention from domestic scholars. Some scholars analyze this phenomenon from the perspectives of English and Chinese contrastive translation, rhetorical devices and metaphor theory. English contrastive translation and rhetorical devices depend on the text more on the phenomenon itself and lack of research on the nature and generating mechanism of English apocalyptic sentences. Therefore, this paper explores the working mechanism of English apocalyptic sentences by using the relevant theories of life degree, conceptual metaphor and conceptual metonymy. The inanimate subject sentence in this paper refers to a sentence in which an inanimate noun acts as a subject and a verb expressing the action or behavior or psychological process of a living entity (person) is used as a predicate. The degree of life is of great importance to the understanding of English inanimate subjects. The degree of life is reflected not only in the nouns that represent the objective existence and serve as the subject of the sentence, but also in the predicate verbs of the sentence. In addition, the degree of life is not only a static level concept, but also a dynamic process. Through metonymy and metaphor, the living body (person) in the front of the life degree grade refracts its action to the inanimate entity or abstract concept, which makes it have the human action state, thus causing the improvement of the life degree level of the inanimate subject. Metaphor is the result of mapping one conceptual domain to another. Part of the English inanimate subject is produced under such a mechanism: the target field is usually the content represented by the apocalyptic word, such as abstract concept, psychological feeling, things, time and place, and the source domain denotes the living entity. The attributes of living entities are systematically mapped to the inanimate entities represented by the inanimate subject, making them have the characteristics of life and agency. Conceptual metonymy is based on proximity, not similarity, to the source concept. Metonymy is a cognitive process in which a conceptual entity or carrier provides psychological access to another conceptual entity or goal in the same ideal cognitive model. In this process, some salient parts are used to replace the whole entity or others. Some apocalyptic sentences are generated by ideal cognitive mode in metonymy. Some apocalyptic words representing highly prominent body parts, time and place, specific features or parts of the body replace the whole entity or other parts.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H314.3
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