中国EFL学习者英语概念加工中的模态转换效应实证研究
发布时间：2018-08-21 20:36
【摘要】：大量研究表明,在知觉加工过程中,不同模态之间的转换会产生加工消耗。知觉符号理论认为外界事物以多模态知觉符号的形式储存在大脑中,相关知觉符号构成仿真器,实现对外界的认知,同时不同概念的表征会激活不同的知觉体验。根据知觉符号理论的观点,知觉模拟是概念表征的基础,对概念不同模态的加工就会产生转换消耗。据此,国外学者展开了一系列探究,并提出了概念加工中的模态转换效应。但此类研究大多集中在母语加工层面,很少探讨二语加工中模态转换效应的存在。另一方面,之前对否定句中的概念加工研究证明了否定信息以具身模式的方式表征,但没有证明知觉模拟会影响否定信息的加工。因此,本文在前人研究基础上,从知觉模态转换的视角出发,通过采用ERPs实验技术,对中国EFL学习者英语句子中的概念加工做进一步的考察。具体研究问题为:(1)模态转换效应是否存在于中国EFL学习者英语肯定句的概念加工中?(2)模态转换效应是否存在于中国EFL学习者英语否定句的概念加工中?本研究采用2(模态条件:模态一致与模态不一致)×2(句式:肯定句与否定句)双因素被试内实验设计,选取20名四川外国语大学英语语言文学专业的研究生作为被试。实验采用句子判断任务范式,让被试对句中概念的描述正误进行判断。之后,依据所记录的行为和脑电数据来探讨二语肯否定句中的概念加工是否存在模态转换效应。实验采用E-Prime 2.0软件进行编程,Neuroscan 4.5和Synaps 2采集并记录实验中产生的脑电数据,而后对脑电数据进行离线分析,并将结果输入SPSS19.0统计软件中进行统计分析。整个实验完成于四川外国语大学学习认知神经实验室。实验结果如下:(1)英语肯定句的加工中,行为数据显示:模态一致与不一致的条件下,被试对目标句的反应时(t=-0.186,p=0.8550.05)与准确率(t=0.000,p=1.0000.05)均无显著差异;同时脑电数据显示,模态不一致比模态一致的条件诱发了波幅更大的P200(t=-3.551,p=0.0010.05)和潜伏期更长的N400(t=-2.053,p=0.0420.05)。这一结果表明,中国EFL学习者的二语概念加工是建立在知觉经验的基础上,被试在模态不一致的条件下需要付出更多的认知努力和注意力。此外,本研究还发现模态一致比模态不一致的条件诱发了更大的N100波幅(t=-2.920,p=0.0040.05),说明不同模态的知觉刺激诱发了不同的ERP调制效应。(2)英语否定句的加工中,行为数据显示:模态一致与不一致的条件下,被试对目标(3)句的反应时(t=1.308,p=0.2090.05)无显著差异,但被试在模态不一致条件下的准确率显著小于模态一致条件下的准确率(t=2.364,p=0.0310.05),说明不同模态条件下的语境句干扰了被试对目标句的理解或者一致模态条件下的语境句促进了被试对目标否定句的理解;同时脑电数据显示,与肯定句中的概念加工类似,模态不一致比模态一致的条件诱发了更大的P200波幅(t=-4.026,p=0.0000.05)、潜伏期更长的N400(t=-2.965,p=0.0040.05)以及较小波幅的N100波幅(t=-4.145,p=0.0000.05),这表明否定因子的加入,并不影响模态条件对句中的概念加工,中国EFL学习者英语否定句的概念加工中也存在着模态转换效应,而且在模态语境句的影响下,被试对否定句的加工是一种即时、在线的过程,而不是一个延迟的过程。综上所述,中国EFL学习者在概念加工中进行了知觉模拟,并且英语肯定句和否定句的概念加工中都存在模态转换效应。
[Abstract]:A large number of studies have shown that in the process of perceptual processing, the conversion of different modes will lead to processing consumption. The theory of perceptual symbols holds that external things are stored in the brain in the form of multimodal perceptual symbols. According to the theory of perceptual symbols, perceptual simulation is the basis of conceptual representation, and the processing of different modes of concepts results in conversion consumption. On the other hand, previous studies on the conceptual processing of negative sentences have proved that negative information is represented by embodied patterns, but there is no evidence that perceptual simulation can affect the processing of negative information. The main research questions are: (1) Does modal transfer effect exist in the conceptual processing of Chinese EFL learners'English affirmative sentences? (2) Does modal transfer effect exist in the conceptual processing of Chinese EFL learners' English negative sentences? (2) Does it exist in the conceptual processing of Chinese EFL learners'English negative sentences? In this study, 20 postgraduates majoring in language and literature in Sichuan Foreign Language College were selected as subjects. The task paradigm of sentence judgment was used to make the subjects judge whether the concepts in the sentences were correctly described or not. EEG data were used to investigate whether there was modal switching effect in the conceptual processing of L2 Kennegatives. The experiment was programmed with E-Prime 2.0 software. Neuroscan 4.5 and Synaps 2 collected and recorded the EEG data produced in the experiment. Then the EEG data were analyzed offline and the results were input into SPSS19.0 statistical software for statistical analysis. The experimental results are as follows: (1) In the processing of English affirmative sentences, there is no significant difference between the response time (t = - 0.186, P = 0.8550.05) and the accuracy (t = 0.000, P = 1.0000.05) of the subjects under the condition of modal consistency and inconsistency. The results show that modal inconsistencies induce P200 (t = - 3.551, P = 0.0010.05) with larger amplitude and N400 (t = - 2.053, P = 0.0420.05) with longer latency than modal inconsistencies. This indicates that EFL learners in China need to pay more attention to second language conceptual processing on the basis of perceptual experience. In addition, this study also found that modal congruence induced a larger N100 amplitude (t = - 2.920, P = 0.0040.05) than modal inconsistency, indicating that different modal perceptual stimuli induced different ERP modulation effects. (2) In the processing of English negative sentences, behavioral data showed that subjects with modal congruence and inconsistency had different ERP modulation effects. There was no significant difference in response time (t = 1.308, P = 0.2090.05) of the target (3) sentence, but the accuracy of the subjects under modal inconsistency was significantly lower than that under modal consistency (t = 2.364, P = 0.0310.05), indicating that contextual sentences under different modal conditions interfered with the comprehension of the target sentence or the promotion of contextual sentences under consistent modal conditions. Similar to the conceptual processing in affirmative sentences, the EEG data showed that modal inconsistency induced larger P200 amplitude (t = - 4.026, P = 0.0000.05), longer latency (t = - 2.965, P = 0.0040.05) and smaller N100 amplitude (t = - 4.145, P = 0.0000.05) than modal congruence, indicating that No. The addition of definite factors does not affect the conceptual processing of English negative sentences by modal conditions. The effect of modal transformation also exists in the conceptual processing of English negative sentences by Chinese EFL learners. The learners perform perceptual simulation in the process of conceptual processing, and there are modal switching effects in the conceptual processing of English affirmative and negative sentences.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H319.3
本文编号：2196280
[Abstract]:A large number of studies have shown that in the process of perceptual processing, the conversion of different modes will lead to processing consumption. The theory of perceptual symbols holds that external things are stored in the brain in the form of multimodal perceptual symbols. According to the theory of perceptual symbols, perceptual simulation is the basis of conceptual representation, and the processing of different modes of concepts results in conversion consumption. On the other hand, previous studies on the conceptual processing of negative sentences have proved that negative information is represented by embodied patterns, but there is no evidence that perceptual simulation can affect the processing of negative information. The main research questions are: (1) Does modal transfer effect exist in the conceptual processing of Chinese EFL learners'English affirmative sentences? (2) Does modal transfer effect exist in the conceptual processing of Chinese EFL learners' English negative sentences? (2) Does it exist in the conceptual processing of Chinese EFL learners'English negative sentences? In this study, 20 postgraduates majoring in language and literature in Sichuan Foreign Language College were selected as subjects. The task paradigm of sentence judgment was used to make the subjects judge whether the concepts in the sentences were correctly described or not. EEG data were used to investigate whether there was modal switching effect in the conceptual processing of L2 Kennegatives. The experiment was programmed with E-Prime 2.0 software. Neuroscan 4.5 and Synaps 2 collected and recorded the EEG data produced in the experiment. Then the EEG data were analyzed offline and the results were input into SPSS19.0 statistical software for statistical analysis. The experimental results are as follows: (1) In the processing of English affirmative sentences, there is no significant difference between the response time (t = - 0.186, P = 0.8550.05) and the accuracy (t = 0.000, P = 1.0000.05) of the subjects under the condition of modal consistency and inconsistency. The results show that modal inconsistencies induce P200 (t = - 3.551, P = 0.0010.05) with larger amplitude and N400 (t = - 2.053, P = 0.0420.05) with longer latency than modal inconsistencies. This indicates that EFL learners in China need to pay more attention to second language conceptual processing on the basis of perceptual experience. In addition, this study also found that modal congruence induced a larger N100 amplitude (t = - 2.920, P = 0.0040.05) than modal inconsistency, indicating that different modal perceptual stimuli induced different ERP modulation effects. (2) In the processing of English negative sentences, behavioral data showed that subjects with modal congruence and inconsistency had different ERP modulation effects. There was no significant difference in response time (t = 1.308, P = 0.2090.05) of the target (3) sentence, but the accuracy of the subjects under modal inconsistency was significantly lower than that under modal consistency (t = 2.364, P = 0.0310.05), indicating that contextual sentences under different modal conditions interfered with the comprehension of the target sentence or the promotion of contextual sentences under consistent modal conditions. Similar to the conceptual processing in affirmative sentences, the EEG data showed that modal inconsistency induced larger P200 amplitude (t = - 4.026, P = 0.0000.05), longer latency (t = - 2.965, P = 0.0040.05) and smaller N100 amplitude (t = - 4.145, P = 0.0000.05) than modal congruence, indicating that No. The addition of definite factors does not affect the conceptual processing of English negative sentences by modal conditions. The effect of modal transformation also exists in the conceptual processing of English negative sentences by Chinese EFL learners. The learners perform perceptual simulation in the process of conceptual processing, and there are modal switching effects in the conceptual processing of English affirmative and negative sentences.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H319.3
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