概念整合理论视角下的《政府工作报告》英译研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 10:18

【摘要】：随着中国在国际舞台上发挥越来越重要的作用,“中国之声”得到了国外人士的广泛关注,而《政府工作报告》是国外人士客观、真实地了解中国发展状况的有效途径,所以报告的英译具有重要意义。报告充分体现中国的国情,所以其中会有大量反应中国国情的词汇和具有中国特色的表达,这些都会给翻译工作带来一定困难。《政府工作报告》的英译研究引起了国内许多学者和英语学习者的兴趣。他们运用对等理论、功能目的论,关联理论和生态翻译学的视角对报告的英译本进行分析,然而都是从理论的要求出发,举例说明某种语言现象该采取怎样的翻译策略。而本文借助概念整合理论的四种基本操作模型,将研究翻译的视角从结果转向侧重对翻译思维运作过程的分析。认知语言学的发展为概念整合理论的出现奠定了基础。概念整合理论也叫融合理论。该理论由美国语言学家Fauconnier提出,在他和他的同事共同努力下,使得该理论逐步完善起来。FauconnierTurner基于四空间理论操作模型,提出了四种最基本的运作框架。这些操作框架为研究翻译的认知过程提供了可供参考的理论模型,使得原本抽象的认知思维过程变得形象可感。同时,国内学者将概念整合理论同翻译过程相结合的理论实践也为本文提供了理论指导。本文作者从《政府工作报告》的语言特点出发,采用定性分析的方法,运用概念整合的基本操作框架分别从词语,句子和篇章三个层次分析每种翻译策略背后的认知过程,然后总结归纳在以后的翻译实践中采取何种概念整合操作框架分析某种语言现象,以及运用何种翻译策略以实现目的语读者和源语读者认知上的对等。本文一共分为五个部分。第一章为引言,介绍了研究的背景和研究的重要性,阐述了研究方法和研究问题,并且简要概述了文章结构。第二章是文献综述。作者首先概述了国内外对概念整合理论的研究现状及其应用的研究情况,然后简要介绍了前人对《政府工作报告》的英译所进行的研究,指出了他们研究存在的不足之处,从而为本文的研究找到了切入点。第三章是本文的理论框架。本部是对概念整合理论的介绍,包括对该理论所涉及的术语的定义,概念整合的基础框架及其操作,优化原则和概念整合的四种基础网络模式。第四章是本文的主体部分,共分为两个子部分。在第一部分中,作者基于报告中造成翻译障碍的语言现象,分别从词语的使用、句子结构、修辞手法、篇章结构和文体类型五个层面总结了《政府工作报告》的特征。在词语层面上,报告中多使用四字结构、文化负载词(具有时代特色的词、反应中国国情的词以及具有文化传承的词语)和缩略词;在句子层面上,与英语表达不同的是《政府工作报告》中多使用长句和无主句;在篇章层面上,报告具有固定的组织结构,缺少连接词和相应的指代。这些来自词语、句子和篇章方面的差异都会给报告的翻译带来困难。第二部分则是将上一部分中的语言特点按照译文所使用的翻译策略进行归类,然后利用概念整合的网络框架分析使用该策略的合理性,意在启发译者在以后的翻译实践中遇到类似的语言现象该如何调动自身的认知机制,采取相应的翻译策略使译文在双方读者中实现认知等效。词语层面上,面对源语和目的语中具有相同的所指含义和内含意义的词语时,也就是镜像网络框架下,可以采取直译的翻译策略;虽然两个输入空间、类属空间和整合空间共享一个表达框架,也处在镜像网络框架下,但由于文化背景的缺失,却需要译者做出适当地添加补充,以实现双方读者认知上的对等,这种情况下需要采取直译加解释的翻译策略;由于四字结构在目的语中没有对应的表达结构,文化负载词在译语中也没有相应的内含意义,缩略词在目的语中又缺少相应的社会背景知识,所以目的语的表达框架需投射到整合空间,舍弃源语的表达框架,也就是单域网络框架下,此时需要采用解释性翻译策略;汉语中,有时为了追求音律的和谐和结构对称而形成一些四字结构的表达,往往构成它的词汇在语义上有叠加,而英语中则需要避免重复冗余的表达,所以同样是单域网络框架下,此时需要采取简化的翻译策略;在报告中还存在用逗号隔开,不经认知努力很容易处理成并列关系的四字结构或者三字结构的词语,同样在单域网络框架下,需要采取合译的方法将它们内在的逻辑关系表达出来。在句子层面上,和英语表达存在差异,报告中多无主句和长句,所以译文要用目的语表达框架来呈现相应的概念包,这样才符合目的语读者的表达习惯,此过程与单域网络框架的分析过程相吻合。在翻译无主句时,可以采取添加名词主语和代词主语的策略,或者在不强调施动者或者施动者很明显的情况下,将主动语态转化成被动语态。在翻译长句时,可以按照意群重新将长句划分成几个具有内在逻辑关系的小句,根据逻辑关系进行重新组合。同时还应注意调整词序以迎合目的语表达习惯。在篇章层面上,也应该采取目的语的篇章组织形式,即在单域框架下,可以通过使用指代和添加连接词的手法,将汉语文本中隐含的逻辑关系呈现在英语的表层结构上,使得原本意合的汉语表达在目的语中呈现形合。第五章是本文的结语。作者在本章节总结了研究发现,指出了本研究的不足之处,同时给未来的相关研究提供了研究建议。
[Abstract]:As China plays an increasingly important role in the international arena, The Sound of China It is of great significance to study the English translation of the report because of the extensive concern of foreign people, and the "government work report" is an effective way to understand China's development situation objectively and truly. The report fully reflects China's national conditions, so there will be a large number of words and expressions with Chinese characteristics, which will bring difficulties to the translation work. The study of the English translation of the Report of the Government has aroused the interest of many scholars and English learners in China. They analyze the English versions of the report from the perspective of equivalence theory, function teleology, association theory and ecological translation. However, it is from the requirement of theory to illustrate how the translation strategy should be adopted in some language phenomenon. Based on the four basic operational models of concept integration theory, this paper focuses on the analysis of translation thinking operation process from the perspective of translation. The development of cognitive linguistics has laid the foundation for the emergence of concept theory. The theory of concept integration is also called fusion theory. The theory was put forward by the American linguist Fauconnier, working with his colleagues to make the theory perfect. FauconnierTurner proposes four most basic operational frameworks based on the four-space theory operation model. These operational frameworks provide a theoretical model to study the cognitive process of translation, so that the original abstract cognitive thinking process becomes vivid. At the same time, the theoretical practice of combining the theory with the translation process by domestic scholars also provides theoretical guidance for this paper. Based on the linguistic characteristics of "report of government work", the author uses the method of qualitative analysis to analyze the cognitive process behind each translation strategy from the three levels of words, sentences and text, respectively. Then, it sums up the concept of the whole operation frame to analyze some kind of language phenomenon in the later translation practice, and how to use the translation strategy to realize the cognition of the target language reader and the source language reader. This article is divided into five parts altogether. In the first chapter, the paper introduces the background and importance of the research, expounds the research methods and research issues, and briefly summarizes the article structure. The second chapter is literature review. First of all, the author summarizes the research status and application of the theory of concept integration at home and abroad, and then gives a brief introduction to the research on the English translation of the "report of government work", and points out the shortcomings of their research, thus finding the entry point for the study in this paper. The third chapter is the theoretical framework of this paper. This Part is an introduction to the concept integration theory, including the definition of the terminology involved in the theory, the basic framework of concept integration and the four basic network modes of operation, optimization principle and concept integration. Chapter 4 is the main part of this paper, which is divided into two sub-parts. In the first part, the author sums up the characteristics of 【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9

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