虚假语用预设视角下《TED演讲》幽默的研究

发布时间：2019-05-09 11:32

【摘要】：作为非营利性组织的TED演讲,其内容幽默风趣,观点新颖,被大众所喜爱。TED演讲在全世界的风靡也引起了不少学者的关注,但其研究的角度多集中在TED演讲在英语教学中的应用以及跨文化交际等,很少关注到TED演讲中幽默言语。而言语幽默又是一个成功的演讲必不可少的因素。虚假语用预设,作为一种与常规语用预设相关但不相同的概念范畴,普遍存在于日常交际中,而其下属概念主观虚假语用预设更是日常幽默娱乐中经常出现的语用策略。本文试图从虚假语用预设的角度来分析TED演讲中的幽默言语,从而探究其幽默产生机制。本文采用定性的分析方法。由于本文的研究视角是虚假语用预设,因此根据TED演讲中言语幽默的特点对2005年至2016年TED演讲进行分类分析,最终确定22篇TED演讲为研究语料,主要包括说服性演讲,娱乐性演讲和传授性演讲。研究发现,演讲者通过打破语篇信息流的常规布局,诱导对方误解话语意图和转移语句焦点,将非共有信息处理为预设信息,形成“预设陷阱”,在观众的跌宕起伏、恍然大悟之间创造幽默效果,增强说服力。
[Abstract]:As a not-for-profit organization, TED talks are funny, novel and popular. The popularity of TEDs in the world has also attracted the attention of many scholars. However, most of the research focuses on the application of TED speech in English teaching and cross-cultural communication, and little attention is paid to humorous speech in TED speech. And verbal humor is an essential element of a successful speech. False pragmatic presupposition, as a conceptual category related to conventional pragmatic presupposition but different from conventional pragmatic presupposition, generally exists in daily communication, and its subordinate concept subjective false pragmatic presupposition is a pragmatic strategy that often appears in daily humor and entertainment. This paper attempts to analyze the humorous speech in TED's speech from the perspective of false pragmatic presupposition, and to explore the mechanism of humorous speech. In this paper, the qualitative analysis method is used. Because the research perspective of this paper is hypothetical pragmatic presupposition, according to the characteristics of verbal humor in TED speeches, this paper classifies and analyzes TED speeches from 2005 to 2016, and finally determines 22 TED speeches as the research corpus, including persuasive speeches. Entertaining speeches and lecturing speeches. It is found that by breaking the conventional layout of discourse information flow, the speaker leads the other party to misunderstand the discourse intention and transfer the focus of the sentence, and processes the non-common information as presupposition information, forming a "presupposition trap", which goes up and down in the audience. The sudden realization between the creation of humorous effect, enhance persuasion.
【学位授予单位】：长春理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H313

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