语言经济性原则下《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》话语语用模糊研究

发布时间：2019-07-06 15:15

【摘要】：语用模糊是一种常见语用现象。作为一种交际策略,它不仅经常出现在人们的日常交际中,而且也经常被运用到文学作品的创作中,以对话为主的戏剧尤为如此。语言的任意性,人思维的模糊性以及语境的不确定性,是导致语用模糊产生的客观原因,而人类在使用语言过程中普遍遵循的语言经济性原则是其产生的主观原因。从客观性原因分析语用模糊的较多,但是鲜有从语言经济性原则研究语用模糊的。本研究以语言经济性原则为理论基础,以美国戏剧之父——尤金奥尼尔的自传体戏剧《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》为语料,旨在研究其对白的语用模糊现象。首先,对语料中的语用模糊现象进行搜集,并从语言经济性原则下对其进行分类,分别为说话人语言经济性下的双重意图语用模糊,双关意图语用模糊,潜在意图与暗示意图语用模糊以及敷衍意图语用模糊,以及听话人语言经济性原则下的漠视对话效应语用模糊、语篇语用模糊,听者单方面推导出意图的语用模糊,以及读者推导出的语用模糊。其次,分别从说话人和听话人语言经济性原则视角下研究不同类型话语语用模糊现象的经济性实现方式。最后,本研究着重从说话人、听话人语言经济性原则视角下分别研究了不同类型语用模糊或不同的语言经济性实现方式所承担的主要功能。研究发现,在说话人语言经济性原则下,语言的经济性在不同类型语用模糊中的实现方式主要有省略、词汇替代、语用预设、词汇暗示;而在听话人语言经济性原则下,语言的经济性实现方式为情感缺省推理、语境缺省推理以及认知缺省推理。与此同时,语言的经济性实现方式也就是语用模糊产生点。词汇替代折射创作背景下的社会文化规约;省略为故事埋下伏笔,推动情节进一步发展;语用预设弱化交际目的,而词汇暗示则强化交际目的。另外,认知缺省推理起到了刻画人物内心世界和塑造人物性格的作用;情感缺省推理反映了人物人际关系;语境缺省推理则和协商交际目的紧密相关。
[Abstract]:Pragmatic vagueness is a common pragmatic phenomenon. As a communication strategy, it is not only often used in people's daily communication, but also often used in the creation of literary works, especially in the drama of dialogue. The arbitrariness of language, the fuzziness of human thinking and the uncertainty of context are the objective reasons for pragmatic vagueness, and the principle of language economy, which is generally followed by human beings in the process of using language, is the subjective cause of its emergence. Pragmatic vagueness is analyzed from objective reasons, but pragmatic vagueness is rarely studied from the principle of language economy. This study is based on the principle of language economy and takes Eugene O'Neill 's autobiographical drama, as the corpus, in order to study the pragmatic vagueness of his dialogue. First of all, the pragmatic vagueness phenomenon in corpus is collected and classified from the principle of linguistic economy, which are double intention pragmatic vagueness, pun semantic pragmatic vagueness, potential intention and implied intention pragmatic vagueness, perfunctory intention pragmatic vagueness, as well as indifference dialogue effect pragmatic vagueness and text pragmatic vagueness under the principle of linguistic economy of the hearer. The listener unilaterally deduces the pragmatic vagueness of intention and the reader deduces pragmatic vagueness. Secondly, the economic realization of pragmatic vagueness of different types of discourse is studied from the perspective of the linguistic economy principle of the speaker and the hearer, respectively. Finally, this study focuses on the main functions of different types of pragmatic vagueness or different language economy from the perspective of speaker and hearer language economy principle. It is found that under the principle of speaker language economy, the main ways to realize language economy in different types of pragmatic vagueness are omission, lexical substitution, pragmatic presupposition and lexical implication, while under the principle of hearer language economy, the economic realization of language is emotional default reasoning, contextual default reasoning and cognitive default reasoning. At the same time, the economic realization of language is the generation of pragmatic vagueness. Lexical substitution refracts the sociocultural statute under the background of creation; omit lays the groundwork for the story and promotes the further development of the plot; pragmatic presupposition weakens the communicative purpose, while lexical implication strengthens the communicative purpose. In addition, cognitive default reasoning plays a role in depicting the inner world of characters and shaping characters; emotional default reasoning reflects the interpersonal relationship of characters; contextual default reasoning is closely related to the purpose of negotiation and communication.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H313

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